@article { author = {Mirzaei, F and Arabzadeh, S.A.M and Jeihoni, SH and Molaei, H.R}, title = {Comparison of the Frequency of CMV and Parvo B19 Infections in Intrauterin Fetal Death and Normal Pregnancy}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {273-281}, year = {2008}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background & Aims: Maternal infections with parvovirus B19 and cytomegalovirus (CMV) maybe associated with intrauterine fetal death. The aim of this study was to compare frequency of CMV & Parvovirus B19 Infections in intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) and normal pregnancy. Methods: In a case-control study in Afzalipour Hospital during 2006 placental biopsies were collected from 70 cases of IUFD and 70 normal term pregnancies as controls and were examined for CMV DNA and parvovirus B19 DNA using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Maternal viral serology was measured as well. Results: Cytomegalovirus DNA on placental biopsies were recovered in 44.3% (31 cases) of cases and 5.7% (4cases) of the controls. (OR=11.6,95% CI 4.2-32.3, P=0.0001). CMV IgG antibodies were found in 98.6% of two groups. In whole, 44.3% of case group and 5.7% of the control group had CMV IgM antibodies (OR=13.11, 95% CI 4.3-39.95, P=0.0001). Parvovirus DNA were found in 10% (7 cases) of case group and 1.4% (1case) of the control group (0R=7.7, 95% CI 0.92-64, P=0.06). 37.2% of cases and 22.1% of the controls had IgG. IgM antibodies were found in 10% (7 cases) of the case group and 2.9% (2 cases) of the control group (OR=3.78, 95%CI 0.76-18.9, P=0.16). Conclusion: CMV maybe considered as an etiologic factor in fetal death. PCR on placental and presence of IgM antibodies can be used for diagnosis of this infection. Association of maternal parvovirus B19 infection with IUFD is not clear.}, keywords = {Cytomegalovirus,Parvovirus B19,Fetal death,Pregnancy}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_17318.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_17318_b57c94cbc45639b3d98a9d48fea91252.pdf} } @article { author = {GHazanfari, T and Honarmandian, SH and Abdiali, E and SHafiei, M and KHajeh, KH}, title = {The Effect of Combination of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Alginate and an Immunomodulator Protein of Garlic on Opsonophagocytosis in Murine Model}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {283-294}, year = {2008}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background & Aims: Chronic pulmonary infection in patients with cystic fibrosis is predominantly due to infection by mucoid strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Mucoid P. aeruginosa is due to the production of exopolysaccharide called also alginate. Alginate in addition to interference with the clearance of lung has antiphagocytic property. Optimal killing activity of P. aeruginosa requires opsonic antibodies. Since immunomodulatory effects of garlic on enhancing phagocytic activity has been proved, in this study the effect of combination of alginate and an immunomodulator protein of garlic on production of opsonic antibodies against P. aeruginosa mucoid exopolysaccharide has been investigated. Methods: Alginate was extracted from a 72-hour culture of P. aeruginosa strain 8821M and then DNase1, RNaseA and Proteinase k were added. Subsequently, alginate was purified with gel filtration chromatography by sephacryl S-400. Female BALB/c mice aged 6-8 weeks were divided into five groups and injected subcutaneously on days 0,7,14 with either alginate, garlic, alginate- garlic, R10 or alginate-R10 and opsonophagocytic killing activity was calculated in each group. Results: The purified alginate contained 34.6µg/ml uronic acid, 0.5 µg/ml nucleic acid, 1.45 µg/ml protein and 0.08µg/ml LPS. Opsonophagocytic killing activity after immunization with R10, alginate and their combination showed significant increases of respectively 69%, 67% and 82% comparing to the control group. Conclusion: Combination of P.aeruginosa alginate and immunomodulator fraction of garlic enhances immunogenicity to P.aeroginosa by the elicitation of opsonic antibodies in BALB/c mice.}, keywords = {Pseudomonas aeruginosa,alginate,Garlic,Phagocytosis}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_17319.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_17319_90ed4df02d8d18e26f66eeedbad390e4.pdf} } @article { author = {Aflatonian, M.R and SHarifi, I}, title = {Epidemiology of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis and It’s Relationship With Blood Groups in Bam, 2007}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {295-303}, year = {2008}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background & Aims: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a health problem, especially in tropical and subtropical countries. In spite of new scientific developments in recent years, several questions related to this disease have been raised that have still no answer. The objective of this research was to study the epidemiology of CL and its relationship with blood groups in the city of Bam in 2007. Methods: of 3000 suspected CL patients referred to the CL control clinic, 240 patients were randomly selected and after the diagnosis of CL their blood groups and RH factors were determined and recorded in a questionnaire. Similarly 360 volunteers referring to the Blood transfusion center were randomly selected (30 individuols per month) and their blood group and RH factor were determined with a similar method. Data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics and using χ 2  test. Results: Most of the 240 CL patients were in the range group of 16-50 years (65.4%). In whole, 52.2% of the lesions were on hand and 60% of the patients had single lesion and there was no significant difference between two sexes. There was no significant difference between the case and control groups in regard to the frequency of blood groups and RH. After matching of 108 individuals regarding the sex, age and place of residence, in a case-control study, individuals with AB blood group had been infected 1.3 times more than those with other blood groups, although it was not statistically significant. Conclusions: As CL disease is becoming more complex, it is necessary to conduct further clinical basic studies as well as epidemiological cohort observations in endemic areas. }, keywords = {Epidemiology,Cutaneous leishmaniasis,blood groups,Bam}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_17320.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_17320_e48dcbb9b7ac3d1d568afc60e468b17b.pdf} } @article { author = {Arabzadeh, S.A.M and Daeiparizi, M.H and Molaei, H.R and Aghaeiafshar, A and Salari, A.A}, title = {The Frequency Distribution of Parainfluenza, Adeno and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections in Children below 2 Years Old with Bronchiolititis, by Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Method, Afzalipoor Hospital, Kerman, 2006}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {305-311}, year = {2008}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background & Aims: Acute respiratory infections are common cause of mortality during childhood. This study was designed to determine the incidence of adenovirus, parainfluenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus in respiratory infections by Multiplex PCR method. Methods: This study included 168 children under 2 years of age with clinical diagnosis of bronchiolitis. Nasopharyngeal specimens were taken and transferred to the virology laboratory in VTM transport medium. Following extraction of viral DNA and RNA, Multiplex RT-PCR was performed. Results: From 168 specimens, 33 cases (19.6 %) were infected with parainfluenza viruses, 18 cases (10.7%) with adenovirus and 63 cases (37.5 %) with RSV. The rest of the specimens were negative for these viruses, which indicated that these specimens had been probably infected with other viral agents not investigated in this study, or with mycoplasma. No significant correlation was found between WBC count, ESR values, degree of air trapping, coryza, fever, cough, retraction rale, wheezing and the type of viral infection. Also no significant correlation was found based on age,sex or general condition of patients. Conclusion: Major causes of viral infections in this study were respectively respiratory syncytial virus(RSV), parainfluenza and adenovirus.}, keywords = {Bronchiolitis,Respiratory syncytial virus,Parainfluenza,Adenovirus,Multiplex PCR}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_17321.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_17321_fb79235eb8a15e7ff7db764f3da4673e.pdf} } @article { author = {Fotohiardakani, R and Harandi fasihi, M and Soliman banaei, S and Kamyabi, H and Atapour, M and SHarifi, I}, title = {Epidemiology of Cryptosporidium Infection of Cattle in Kerman/Iran and Molecular Genotyping of some Isolates}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {313-320}, year = {2008}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background & Aims: Cryptosporidiosis is one of the most important parasitic zoonoses of human and animals. This infection is common in mammals and caused by the coccidian parasites of the genus Cryptosporidium. The Present study was designed to determine the epidemiology of Cryptosporidium infection in cattle in Kerman by using conventional morphological as well as molecular methods for molecular characterization. Methods: Fecal samples of cattle were collected fresh and directly from the rectum. Cryptosporidium oocysts were isolated by using formalin-ether sedimentation method followed by modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique. DNA of a number of isolates was extracted using QIAamp® DNA stool mini kit (Qiagen® ). A nested PCR-RFLP protocol amplifying ~ 850 bp fragment of SSU-rRNA gene used to differentiate species and genotypes of the isolates, using SspI and VspI as two restriction endonucleases. For each slide at least 20 oocysts were measured. Results: Seventy eight of 412 cattle (18.9%) were found to be infected. Cryptosporidium infection was associated with diarrhea (P=0.026) in a way that 31.8% of diarrheic cattle (14.44) and 17.4% of non diarrheic cattle (64.368) were infected. The rate of infection in suckling calves <2 months age was significantly higher than others (45.134 vs. 33.6%, P=0.000). In this study 4 isolates of C. andersoni and 8 isolates of C. parvum were found for the first time in Iran by using molecular techniques. Conclusion: Cryptosporidium infection is common in cattle of Kerman. Moreover, in spite of the presence of C.parvum as the dominant species in Iran, the presence of C.andersoni in Iran is reported for the first time by molecular techniques. Economic and public health problems resulted from infection by C.andersoni require more investigations in other parts of Kerman province and Iran.}, keywords = {Cryptosporidium,Nested PCR,C.andersoni,Prevalence,Cattle,Kerman}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_17322.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_17322_f785ed14860ac36392b1e78720254265.pdf} } @article { author = {Saied, A.R and Jafarzadeh, D and Taheri, H and SHariatzadeh, H}, title = {A Survey on Current Methods of Carpal Height Ratio Measurement and Suggestion of a New Method}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {321-327}, year = {2008}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background & Aims: Two famous methods are commonly used for the measurement of carpal height ratio. Both methods are performed on anteroposterior radiogram and have some shortcomings. We are going to introduce a new method for measuring this index in lateral view of the wrist radiogram' Methods: This cross-sectional and case-control study was conducted on 100 anteroposterior and lateral radiograms of asymptomatic individuals and then 20 radiograms of patients with Kienbock disease in various stages of the disease. After determining new reference points on the radiograms of the “normal” group, it was tried to define the ratio by new method. In the next stage the interobserver and intraobserver agreement of the new index was assessed along with previous defined indices. Results: All three methods had some limitations, but overall it seems that the new method has more precise reference points. With regard to inter and intraobserver variability the new index was better than the Natrass group index, but not than the Youm group index. Conclusion: The new index can be used as a substitute or an alternative in carpal height measurement.}, keywords = {Wrist,Radiography,Capitate bone}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_17323.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_17323_fb714a618058c89b5f54e9f4994c1481.pdf} } @article { author = {Ashraf ghanjoei, N and SHebani, V and Mahdavinia, J and GHalam hoseinian, A}, title = {The Satisfaction rate of Authors from Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences in 2005 and 2006}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {337-346}, year = {2008}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Introduction: Scholarly activities as well as growth in Science and technology have been well established as the basis for development in every country. In recent years due to more attention to research the number of research projects and published articles in Iranian and International journals has gained a rapid increase. Therefore, the evaluation of Medical journals as sources of publishing the results of research projects is necessary. This study was performed to assess the satisfaction rate of authors from Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences and compare it with their satisfaction rate from other Iranian journals. Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study a three-part questionnaire was designed and distributed among corresponding authors whose manuscripts were accepted or were under consideration by Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences. The questionnaire’s reliability was confirmed by using alpha-Cronbach and validity was confirmed by getting experts opinions. Data analysis was done by using Wilcoxon and Chisquare tests. Results: The response rate was 78.2%, and the mean age of the participants was 43.7 (28-62) years and mean number of their published articles was 18.9±2.3. In regard to satisfaction rate, 14.8% were very satisfied, 40.7% were satisfied and 44.4% were neither satisfied nor dissatisfied. The satisfaction rate of the same authors for other journals was as follows: 14.3% were very satisfied, 35.7% were satisfied, 47.6% were neither satisfied nor dissatisfied and 24% were dissatisfied. There was no significant difference in this regard between Kerman and other journals. There was only a significant difference in regard to journal office performance between Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences and other journals. Conclusion: Although Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences is in the same level or better than the other Iranian journals, by considering the great background of this journal it is necessary to schedule for its rapid promotion as well as its inclusion in valid indexing services.}, keywords = {Assessment,Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences,author,Satisfaction}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_17324.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_17324_359afb0305a5c11c931feb2d6b13fc55.pdf} } @article { author = {KHeradmand, A and Nasirian, M and Banazadeh, N and Zareie, S.H}, title = {Rare Variant of Lycanthropy and Ecstasy: Case Report}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {347-352}, year = {2008}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Lycanthropy is an unusual belief or delusion in which the patient thinks that he/she has been transformed into an animal. In rare cases, the patient believes that another person has been transformed into an animal. In this case report, a patient who had an uncommon variant of lycanthropy is introduced. The patient’s symptoms had appeared after consumption of ecstasy. This shows the occurrence of uncommon and rare psychosis after ecstasy drug use especially in susceptible patients to schizophrenia. Ecstasy can induce paranoid psychosis similar to schizophrenia. It seems that in the presented case, ecstasy had a role in the incidence of the underlying suceptibility of the patient to schizophrenia.}, keywords = {Lycanthropy,Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_17325.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_17325_069785d2dfcc1acc443d5fc380960e1a.pdf} } @article { author = {Mehdizadeh, M and Eskandari, S and Zavar, M and Piroz, B}, title = {The Importance of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Foodborn Infection}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {353-361}, year = {2008}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157: H7 is one of the most important causes of bloody diarrhea. This bacterium is able to make bloody diarrhea or Hemorrhagic Colitis (HC) through verotoxin or shigatoxin production, and in acute forms it may lead to Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) or Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpurea (TTP). Contamination with E. coli O157:H7 usually happens after consumption of animal products especially undercooked meats. The most important reservoir of this bacterium is beef and consumption of undercooked ground beef, especially in children younger than 10 years old, is the most common reason of food infection by this bacterium. Two important biochemical characteristics for detection of E. coli O157: H7 are lack of sorbitol fermentation and absence of glucuronidase. In order to control food infection with this bacterium, foods must be cooked thoroughly until reaching the temperature of at least 68.3°C, in the center.}, keywords = {Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli,Food Contamination,Hemorrhogic Colitis,Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome,Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpurea}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_17326.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_17326_b2de0fd64dafbd2d8f81d3a3c6711f38.pdf} } @article { author = {Rad, M}, title = {Oral Caner}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {363-370}, year = {2008}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Oral cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers and one of the 10 most common causes of death in the world. Epidemiological studies have shown that the prevalence of oral cancer varies from less than 0.1% to over 40% in different parts of the world. Unfortunately, the majority of oral cancers are diagnosed in advanced stages after becoming symptomatic. In comparison with malignant neoplasms at other body sites, oral carcinoma has a poor prognosis. The survival rate is dependent on diagnosis in early stages of disease, younger age, and change in risk-promoting lifestyle. In this paper written for general practitioners and Dentists, the epidemiology, clinical presentations, etiology, diagnostic aids and treatment of oral cancer are reviewed.}, keywords = {cancer,Malignancy,oral,Squamous Cell Carcinoma}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_17327.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_17327_79c465f33fcc8da2185fccac96a78fbd.pdf} }