@article { author = {Rashidinezhad, Hamid Reza and Aghakhaninezhad, Fatemeh and Moazenzadeh, Mansour}, title = {Evaluation of Electrocardiogram Changes in Patients with Slow Coronary Flow}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {24}, number = {3}, pages = {177-183}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Slow coronary flow (SCF) is defined as a condition in which in spite of no evidence of coronary occlusion or stenosis in angiography, there is delayed pacification of the vessels after the injection of a contrast agent. There are several studies about electrocardiogram (ECG) changes in these patients, but changes like OLD MI, RBBB, LBBB, LVH and ST-T wave have not been evaluated in them and sample sizes in these studies have been also small. The aim of this study was to evaluate electrocardiogram changes in patients with slow coronary flow referred to Shafa Hospital affiliated to Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 3000 patients with probable diagnosis of coronary occlusion referred to Shafa hospital affiliated to Kerman University of Medical Sciences were screened. Elective coronary angiography was performed for all patients using Judkinz standard method and the findings were analyzed by two cardiologists. Also, standard 12-lead electrocardiogram was recorded for the patients. Finally, 57 patients with normal coronary flow and 105 patients with slow coronary flow were included in this study. Results: Frequency of SCF was 3.5%. The electrocardiogram (ECG) changes in patients with SCF were evaluated and it was revealed that greatest changes were related to T wave and the most frequent form was inverted T wave (57.1%). There was no significant difference in these changes between SCF group and NCF group (P=0.279). The other electrocardiogram changes in the two groups did not reveal any statistically significant difference. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, CSF can be diagnosed on the basis of angiographic findings, while electrocardiogram changes are non- specific findings in these patients.  }, keywords = {Slow Coronary Flow,Electrocardiogram,Coronary Angiography}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_50707.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_50707_432c70c730f89e778aa1db7748a0e4bd.pdf} } @article { author = {Hashemi-Bajgani, Seyed-Mehdi and Samareh Fekri, Mitra and Zeydabadi, Hadi and Rahmatian, Mohammad and Amirkhosravi, Arian}, title = {The Relationship of Serum levels of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor with Disease Severity and the Number of Exacerbations in COPD Patients}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {24}, number = {3}, pages = {184-189}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic lung disease characterized by progressive and irreversible obstruction of the airways of the lungs. Different studies have emphasized on the role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in COPD patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of this factor with disease severity and the number of exacerbations in COPD patients. Methods: This study is a Cross-sectional study on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease referred to Besat clinic in Kerman in 2013-2014. After performing spirometery and confirming COPD diagnosis by a pulmonologist and obtaining consent form patients, blood samples were taken and level of VEGF was measured by ELISA method. Results: Mean serum level of VEGF in patients was 160±156.6 µg/ml. More disease severity was associated with higher level of VEGF, but this association was not significant. No relationship was found between the number of exacerbations and VEGF level. Conclusion:The results of our study showed that serum levels of VEGF increases in COPD patients, but there is not a significant correlation between serum levels of VEGF and the severity of the disease and the number of exacerbations.}, keywords = {Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF),COPD,severity,Exacerbation}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_50708.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_50708_335daa7cbe14180f62eb305afb11336a.pdf} } @article { author = {Tavakkoli, Hadi and Kheirandish, Reza and Moradi, Zeynab}, title = {Histopathological Evaluation of the Effect of Metronidazole on the Embryo Skin and Integument Tissues using a Chicken Embryo Model}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {24}, number = {3}, pages = {190-199}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Metronidazole is categorized in pharmacological group C and few researches have been conducted about its pathological effects on the human fetus. Since the embryogenesis in chicken is similar to that in human beings, in the current study, the toxic effects of this drug on embryo skin and integument tissues were assessed using a chicken embryo model. Method: The experiment was done on 36 fertilized Ross 308 eggs with the mean egg-weight of (54.4 ± 0.8g). The embryos of the control group received sterile phosphate buffered saline solution into the yolk sac on day 4 of the growing period. The embryos of the two treatment groups received metronidazole at dosages of 50 and 100 mg per Kg body-weight, respectively. The pathological effects of the drug on the embryos’ skin and integument tissues were evaluated using macroscopic and histopathologic studies. Results: According to the results, metronidazole has adverse effects on the embryo skin and integument tissues during embryonic development. Macroscopic evaluation of the organs revealed white nodules, of about 1mm in diameter, on the skin surface of the embryos. Histopathological effects of the drug consisted of hyperkeratosis, degeneration of the integument tissues and detachment from the epidermis. Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, it is concluded that consumption of metronidazole during pregnancy can cause adverse effects on the skin and integument tissues of the human fetus. Therefore, the drug should only be given during pregnancy when benefits outweigh its risks.  }, keywords = {skin,Fetus,Histopathologic,Chicken,Metronidazole}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_50710.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_50710_8759ab9e9fe076d9c41e8a3a92e7c80d.pdf} } @article { author = {Heidar Lashkari, Sahel Heidar Lashkari and Sepehri, Gholamreza and Emadi, Ladan and Motaghi, Sahel}, title = {The Effects of Methanolic Extract of Prosopis Farcta Seed on Blood Glucose in Streptozocin Induced Diabetic Rats}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {24}, number = {3}, pages = {200-208}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Previous studies have shown the beneficial effects of Prosopis species in the treatment of diabetes in traditional medicine. This study was performed to evaluate the antihyperglycemic effects of Prosopis farcta (P.farcta) in streptozocin- induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin (55mg/kg). Male Wistar rats were treated with either P. farcta (100, 150, and 300 mg/kg.) or glibenclamide (10mg/kg) orally once a day for a period of 28 days. Control rats received saline. Changes in body weight and blood glucose were measured at the end of each week for 4 weeks. Results: The results of this study showed a significant increase in blood glucose, and decrease of body weight in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. P. farcta administration for 28 days in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats suppressed the weight reduction significantly in a dose dependent manner (p <0.001). Also, P. farcta, like glibenclamide, showed significant antihyperglycemic effects and reversed the above parameters significantly in a dose dependent manner when compared to diabetic control rats (p <0.001, p <0.05, respectively). Conclusions: The results of the present study showed that P. farcta possesses antidiabetic activity in hyperglycemic rat models. The underlying mechanism(s) has not been known yet and needs further investigation.}, keywords = {Blood glucose,Diabetes,Prosopis Farcta,Streptozocin,Rat}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_50712.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_50712_f09f28beb79cda499fcb7b706791415e.pdf} } @article { author = {Rezaii, Maasoomeh and Razmi, Neamatollah and Khoshvaghti, Ameneh}, title = {The Effect of Pine Cones Aqueous Extract on Renal Function in Male Rats}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {24}, number = {3}, pages = {209-219}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background:Antioxidant effects of cypress cones extract have been previously demonstrated. In this study, the protective effect of cypress cones extract was investigated. Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic administrated for the treatment of gram-negative bacteria infections, was used for nephrotoxicity induction. Methods: In this study, 60 wistar male rats were randomly divided into the six groups (n=10); control group (C) received nothing, sham group (S) received distilled water, group D received gentamicin for induction of nephrotoxicity, group GE received gentamicin as well as Cypress cones aqueous extract intra- peritoneally for 16 days, group DE received the extract after being sick and group E received just the extract. Sampling was done after 16 and 32 days of study. Sodium and potassium concentrations were measured using flame photometery method. Other parameters were assayed by colorimetric method. Results: Statistically significant difference was detected between the control group and group D in regard to the mean level of Bun, creatinine, sodium, potassium, calcium and chloride (p <0.05), while no statistically significant difference was observed in the mean level of these parameters in DE and GE groups (the groups receiving Gentamicin and pine cones aqueous extract) in comparison with control group in days 16 and 32 (P>0.05). In this study, cypress cones aqueous extract could change the increased levels of Bun and serum creatinine and decreased levels of sodium, potassium, calcium and chloride resulted from kidney injury into their natural levels. Conclusion: The present study revealed that cypress cones extract can improve Gentamicin-induced renal failure in rats. As previous studies have proved the existence of antioxidants in cypress cones, the observed health-promoting effects of aqueous extract can be attributed to these properties.}, keywords = {biochemical parameters,Cypress cones aqueous extract,Gentamicin,Kidney,Rat}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_50713.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_50713_a63d654858d5175031513e2e53de27b6.pdf} } @article { author = {Pashaei, Shabnam and Sedaghat, Mohammad Mahdi and Dabiri, Farrokh and Vahedi, Mozaffar and Aghaei-Afshar, Abbas and Chavshin, Ali Reza}, title = {Molecular Analysis of ITS2 Fragment among Anopheles maculipennis Species Complex, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {24}, number = {3}, pages = {220-228}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background:Anopheles maculipennis complex species is considered as one of the most important species complexes with 12 species and significant role in the transmission of important diseases such as malaria, lymphatic filariasis and multiple Arboviral infections. The aim of the present study was to analyze Internal Transcribd Spacer (ITS) 2 fragment among Anopheles maculipennis species complex in West Azerbaijan Province, Iran and also to identify different species of An. maculipennis using ITS2 fragment. Methods:Adult and larval specimens of different mosquitoes’ species were collected from the northern, southern and central parts of West Azerbaijan Province. Adult mosquitoes were collected using standard methods of indoor and outdoor hand catch, human and animal bait and light traps. Also larvae were caught using dipping method during May- Sep 2016. After DNA extraction, ITS2 fragment was amplified and analyzed using Bioinformatics tools. Results:Totally, 271 specimens belonged to Genus Anopheles [158 samples of An. maculipennis (adult: 50, Larvae: 57), 101 An. claviger (adult: 21, larvae: 80) and 12 specimen of An. superpictus (adult: 3, larvae: 9)] were collected from different parts of the province. Also, the presence of at least two species of Anopheles maculipennis species complex (An .maculipennis and An. Persiensis) was concluded. Conclusion: Based on the reported differences between these species, accurate identification of these species in terms of their ecology, vectorial capacity and their insecticide resistance profile is recommended. Also, other molecular markers such as COI, should be examined for better resolution of species composition in An. maculipennis.  }, keywords = {Molecular marker,ITS2,Arboviruses,Malaria,Anopheles maculipennis}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_50714.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_50714_0e7c17f959406c762a7d70d09b7438c9.pdf} } @article { author = {Yousefzadeh Hassanluie, Tohid and Rezaie, Mohammad Reza and Rostami, Zahra}, title = {Diagnosis of B-CLL Leukemia Using Fractal Dimension}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {24}, number = {3}, pages = {229-236}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background:Leukemia is cancer of blood and bone marrow cells. In general, there are four types of leukemia: chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).  Fractal geometry can be introduced as one of the effective ways to detect this type of cancer. In this study, with introducing an effective method, it is tried to predict CLL cancer through the measurement of nucleus cell fractal dimension. Methods: Blood samples of 30 healthy individuals and 30 patients with blood cancer were taken and digital pictures were taken from the samples with 100X optical microscope. Finally, nucleus cells fractal dimension was calculated with box counting method and the obtained data were analyzed through statistical software. Results: Mean fractal dimension of lymphoma type B cell was 1.367± 0.0011 in healthy subjects and 1.398 ± 0.0016 in cancer patients. The difference between healthy cells and cancer cells fractal dimension is significant. Conclusion: Fractal dimension measurement can be used to screen cancer cells from healthy cells. The detection point for identification of CLL cancer by fractal dimension method was introduced as 1.3 (the middle point of normal cells and cancer cells fractal dimension). In the case of blood cell fractal dimension higher than 1.383, the patient is suspected to have CLL blood cancer.}, keywords = {Fractal dimension,Predict,Detect,CLL Blood Cancer,Box Counting}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_50715.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_50715_138d0f05c8791f427d75d8e98bef8efa.pdf} } @article { author = {Fallah Mohammadi, Mohammad and Shojaadin, Sadroddin and Letafatkar, Amir and Ebrahimi, Esmail and Eslami, Mansour}, title = {The Relationship of Anatomical Alignment and Strength of Some Lower Extremity Muscles with Jump-landing Biomechanics: A Landing Error Scoring System Study}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {24}, number = {3}, pages = {237-245}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: The purpose of the present study was to investigate correlative and predictive relationship of lower extremity anatomical alignment, isometric hip abduction and external rotation strength with jump-landing biomechanics using Landing Error Scoring System (LESS). Methods: Anatomical alignment and isometric lower extremity muscle strength of 30 active men (mean age of 21.27±2.12 years) have been assessed through goniometry and dynamometry tests, respectively. Then, subjects have performed LESS test for the analysis of their jump-landing biomechanics. Results: There was no significant correlative or predictive relationship between overall LESS score and femoral anteversion angle, tibiofemoral angle, Q angle, navicular drop, tibial torsion, abduction and external rotation isometric strength (P>.05). However, statistically significant negative correlation has been found between knee hyperextension angle and LESS score (P= .01, r= -.4). Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that lower extremity anatomical alignment and isometric strength measurements has no significant relationship with dynamic biomechanics of jump-landing. This is probably due to the difference in nature of static and isometric measurements and dynamic functional movements.}, keywords = {Anatomical alignment,Isometric strength,Landing Error Scoring System,Jump-landing biomechanics}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_50716.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_50716_cf3b445160a62bd2e021e4fa2e6eb1ba.pdf} } @article { author = {Babaee, Abdolreza and Dehghani Soltani, Samereh and EftekharVaghefi, Seyed Hasan and Jahanbani, Seyed Shahaboddin and Ezzatabadipour, Massood}, title = {Abnormal Origin of Superior Laryngeal Artery and Its Clinical Significance: A Case Report}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {24}, number = {3}, pages = {246-249}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Superior laryngeal artery (SLA) is one of the main branches of the superior thyroid artery that its main function is to supply blood to the larynx. This artery is accompanied by the internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve; this relation has anatomical and surgical significance. In this paper, a case of anomalous origin of the superior laryngeal artery is reported. Abnormal origin of SLA from the common carotid artery was observed in about 2cm before its branching point during dissection of the anterolateral region of the neck of a 70-year-old male cadaver through performing standard Grant`s method. The SLA was traced until it passed through thyrohyoid membrane and entered the larynx. The abnormal origin of this artery from the lingual artery, external carotid artery, the facial and ascending pharyngeal artery had been previously reported. A good understanding of the variation in origin of the SLA is necessary to avoid bleeding during surgery and also to avoid damage to the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve.}, keywords = {Superior laryngeal artery,Variation,Cadaver,Blood supply to the larynx}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_50717.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_50717_db8537a7e31eae49b71dc801912b5b94.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghasemi, Sorayya and Razmkhah, Farnaz and Soleimani, Masoud}, title = {The Role of Epigenetics in Cancer Drug Resistance}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {24}, number = {3}, pages = {250-258}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Cancer is caused by aberrant genetic and epigenetic changes in genes expression. DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNAs gene deregulation are the most known epigenetic changes in different stages of cancer. Since every tumor has its own specific epigenome, any abnormal pattern is a potential biomarker for classification of different types of tumors. Despite, tumorigenesis, abnormal epigenetic changes are highly correlated with drug resistance in various stages of cancer. But, reversible nature of these abnormalities is the basis of epigenetic cancer treatment. Drugs affecting the epigenome are the new hopes in cancer treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of epigenetics in tumorigenesis and also drug resistance in cancers.}, keywords = {Epigenetic,Drug resistance,cancer}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_50718.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_50718_dd0c909ea30007a8d2d9f8405149dcd5.pdf} }