ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Prognostic value of doppler ultrasound findings in patients with middle cerebral artery Ischemic stroke
Introduction: There is still no finding available that can show the malignant clinical course in patients with middle cerebral artery stroke. The aim of this study was to compare Doppler ultrasound findings in patients with malignant and non-malignant middle cerebral artery stroke in order to obtain its prognostic value in detecting malignant course. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 40 patients with acute ischemic stroke in Shafa University Hospital Kerman, Iran, 2017. All patients were admitted within 24 hours of onset of symptoms, and brain CT-scan was performed to confirm ischemic stroke. If more than 50% of the middle cerebral artery showed signs of hypo density, it was considered massive MCA infarction (MMI), while others were excluded. In the first 24 hours, trans cranial Doppler ultrasound was performed for all patients. Patients were then examined until discharge or death. If the case of fixed unilateral mydriasis in the clinical course or a displacement of more than 5 mm in septum pellucidum in the control CT-scan on days 3 to 7 (depending on the changes in the consciousness level), m-MCAI was diagnosed. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Result: In the malignant cases, the mean PSV and MFV in MCA in the contralateral side of the lesion were significantly higher than the non-malignant cases. A significant increase in mean PSV and MFV in ACA in the contralateral side of the lesion was found in malignant compared to non-malignant cases (P=0.01). Significant difference was observed in terms of mean RI of ICA of contralateral side of the lesion between malignant and non-malignant cases (P=0.02). Conclusion: Our study showed increase in PSV and MFV in MCA and ACA in the contralateral side of the lesion in cases that lead to malignancy, which can be helpful in identifying early cases that advance to malignancy.
https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_55882_52a6953c3dfcaa9960f1c11153372048.pdf
2017-09-01
360
367
Dopplex sonography
Stroke
Prognosis
Rostam
Seifaddini
r.seifaddini@gmail.com
1
Assistant Professor of Neurology, Neurology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hossein Ali
Ebrahimi
2
Professor of Neurology, Neurology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Farhad
Iranmanesh
fpp_farhad@yahoo.com
3
Professor of Neurology, Neurology Research Center, Kerman University Of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Hadi
Mohammadi
4
Resident of Neurology, Neurology Research Center, Kerman University Of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Ropper AH, Samuels MA. Adams and Victor's Principles of Neurology. 10th ed. Philadelphia: Mc Graw Hill; 2014.
1
Serena J, Blanco M, Castellanos M, Silva Y, Vivancos J, Moro MA, et al. The prediction of malignant cerebral infarction by molecular brain barrier disruption markers. Stroke 2005; 36(9):1921-6.
2
Kasner SE, Demchuk AM, Berrouschot J, Schmutzhard E, Harms L, Verro P, et al. Predictors of fatal brain edema in massive hemispheric ischemic stroke. Stroke 2001; 32(9):2117-23.
3
Dohmen C, Bosche B, Graf R, Staub F, Kracht L, Sobesky J, et al. Prediction of malignant course in MCA infarction by PET and microdialysis. Stroke 2003; 34(9):2152-8.
4
Dohmen C, Bosche B, Graf R, Reithmeier T, Ernestus RI, Brinker G, et al. Identification and clinical impact of impaired cerebrovascular autoregulation in patients with malignant middle cerebral artery infarction. Stroke 2007; 38(1):56-61.
5
Subramaniam S, Hill MD. Decompressive hemicraniectomy for malignant middle cerebral artery infarction: an update. Neurologist 2009; 15(4):178-84.
6
Mayer SA. Hemicraniectomy: a second chance on life for patients with space-occupying MCA infarction. Stroke 2007; 38(9):2410-2.
7
Lee W. General principles of carotid Doppler ultrasonography. Ultrasonography 2014; 33(1): 11–7.
8
Schlachetzki F, Hoelscher T, Dorenbeck U, Greiffenberg B, Marienhagen J, Ullrich OW, et al. Sonographic parenchymal and brain perfusion imaging: preliminary results in four patients following decompressive surgery for malignant middle cerebral artery infarct. Ultrasound Med Biol 2001; 27(1):21-31.
9
Nielsen TH, Ståhl N, Schalén W, Reinstrup P, Toft P, Nordström CH. Recirculation usually precedes malignant edema in middle cerebral artery infarcts. Acta Neurol Scand 2012; 126(6):404-10.
10
Sanák D, Herzig R, Skoloudík D, Horák D, Zapletalová J, Köcher M, Kanovský P. The safety and efficacy of continuous transcranial duplex Doppler monitoring of middle cerebral artery occlusion in acute stroke patients: comparison of TCDD and thrombolysis in MCA recanalization. J Neuroimaging 2010; 20(1):58-63.
11
Aoki J, Raber LN, Katzan IL, Hussain MS, Hui FK, Uchino K. Post-intervention TCD examination may be useful to predict outcome in acute ischemic stroke patients with successful intra-arterial intervention. J Neurol Sci 2013; 334(1-2):26-9.
12
Perez-Nellar J, Scherle C, Machado C. TCD systolic spikes in a malignant MCA infarct. Neurocrit Care 2009; 11(1):94-6.
13
García-Pastor A. Knowledge of vascular status for therapeutic decision-making in acute ischemic stroke: which is the role of neurosonology? Rev Neurol 2013; 56(1):35-42. Spanish
14
Burghaus L, Hilker R, Dohmen C, Bosche B, Winhuisen L, Galldiks N, et al. Early electroencephalography in acute ischemic stroke: prediction of a malignant course? Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2007; 109(1):45-9.
15
Shafa M, Seifaddini R, Iranmanesh F, Jafari FS. Association between Serum Uric Acid Level and Stenosis in Atherothrombotic Infarction. Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences 2017; 24(1): 68-77 .
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Oppenheim C, Samson Y, Manaï R, Lalam T, Vandamme X, Crozier S, et al. Prediction of malignant middle cerebral artery infarction by diffusion-weighted imaging. Stroke 2000; 31(9):2175-81.
17
Wang Y, Duan YY, Zhou HY, Yuan LJ, Zhang L, Wang W, et al. Middle cerebral arterial flow changes on transcranial color and spectral Doppler sonography in patients with increased intracranial pressure. J Ultrasound Med 2014; 33(12):2131-6.
18
Demchuk AM, Burgin WS, Christou I, Felberg RA, Barber PA, Hill MD, Alexandrov AV. Thrombolysis in brain ischemia (TIBI) transcranial Doppler flow grades predict clinical severity, early recovery, and mortality in patients treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator. Stroke 2001; 32(1):89-93.
19
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparison of generalised and directed co-contraction of knee joint muscles during four different movements to strengthen the quadriceps
Background: The determinant role of different movements to strengthen the quadriceps on rate of knee joint co-contraction, hamstring to quadriceps muscle activity ratio and vastus medialis to vastus lateralis muscle activity ratio provides useful information for therapists, coaches and athletes about the role of each movement in the rehabilitation of patients with anterior cruciate ligament injury, osteoarthritis and patellofemoral pain syndrome. The aim of this study was to compare the rate of the generalised and directed co-contraction of knee joint muscles during free weights squat, smith machine squat, smith machine squat with one leg and the dead lift movements. Methods: 14 healthy power lifters (age: 26±7 years) were participated in this study.A portable EMG system with six pairs of bipolar surface electrodes was used to record the activity of the gastrocnemious medialis, long head of biceps femoris, semitendinosus, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, and vastus medialis muscles at a sampling frequency of 1200 HZ. Participants had enough experience to perform free weights squat, smith machine squat, smith machine squat with one leg and the dead lift movements. Participants carried out each movement 5 times at an intensity equal to 50% of one-repetition-maximum level. Repeated-measure ANOVA test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Rate of medial co-contraction in dead lift movement was higher than that in smith machine squat with one leg (P= 0.042), and free weights squat (P= 0.044), respectively. Ratio of hamstring muscles activity to quadriceps during the implementation of dead lift was higher than that in free weights squat (P=0.022). The generalised co-contraction value at the knee joint was the lowest in dead lift movement and highest in smith machine squat with one leg. Conclusion: In order to strengthen quadriceps muscles in people suffering from anterior cruciate injury, dead lift movement is more effective than free weights squat. For athletes exercising to strengthen muscular groups, smith machine squat with one leg is more effective compared with the other three movements.
https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_55884_0db625d29ae74f13ec069a9447900c9e.pdf
2017-09-01
368
378
electromyography
Weight lifting
Knee joint
Amir Ali
Jafarnezhadgero
amiralijafarnezhad@gmail.com
1
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Mahdi
Bahramisharif
bahramisharif.bbfc@gmail.com
2
Department of Sport Biomechanics, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch, Hamedan, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahdi
Majlesi
majlesi11@gmail.com
3
Department of Sport Biomechanics, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch, Hamedan, Iran
AUTHOR
Pollock ML, Gaesser GA, Butcher JD, Després JP, Dishman RK, Franklin BA, et al. American college of sports medicine position stand. the recommended quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, and flexibility in healthy adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998; 30(6):975-91.
1
Walker S, Peltonen H, Avela J, Häkkinen K. Kinetic and electromyographic analysis of single repetition constant and variable resistance leg press actions. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2011;21(2):262-9.
2
Escamilla RF, Fleisig GS, Zheng N, Lander JE, Barrentine SW, Andrews JR, et al. Effects of technique variations on knee biomechanics during the squat and leg press. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001;33(9):1552-66.
3
Sweif RE, Abdallah AA. Comparative study of mechanical and physiological gait efficiency following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and rehabilitation. Medicina dello Sport 2015;68(2):279-89.
4
Villosio N, Piccazzo R, Paparo F, Muda A, Garlaschi G. Knee instability signs: preliminary comparison between conventional and weight-bearing MRI in patients with complete anterior cruciate ligament tear. Medicina dello Sport 2013;66(2):253-64.
5
Buda R, Verni E, Ferruzzi A, Di Caprio F, Giannini S. Anterior cruciate ligament replacement with distally inserted doubled hamstring graft: prospective clinical and instrumental evaluation. Medicina dello Sport 2005;58(4):303-11.
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7
Ma H, Zhang S, Zhang X. Common acupoints and treatment parameters of acupuncture treatments for knee osteoarthritis. Medicina dello Sport 2014;67(4):653-68.
8
Rao G, Amarantini D, Berton E. Influence of additional load on the moments of the agonist and antagonist muscle groups at the knee joint during closed chain exercise. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2009;19(3):459-66.
9
Escamilla RF, Fleisig GS, Zheng N, Barrentine SW, Wilk KE, Andrews JR. Biomechanics of the knee during closed kinetic chain and open kinetic chain exercises. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998;30(4):556-69.
10
Lutz GE, Palmitier RA, An KN, Chao EY. Comparison of tibiofemoral joint forces during open-kinetic-chain and closed-kinetic-chain exercises. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1993;75(5):732-9.
11
Ferreira GE, Robinson CC, Wiebusch M, Viero CC, da Rosa LH, Silva MF. The effect of exercise therapy on knee adduction moment in individuals with knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2015;30(6):521-7.
12
Graci V, Salsich GB. Trunk and lower extremity segment kinematics and their relationship to pain following movement instruction during a single-leg squat in females with dynamic knee valgus and patellofemoral pain. J Sci Med Sport 2015;18(3):343-7.
13
McCaw ST, Melrose DR. Stance width and bar load effects on leg muscle activity during the parallel squat. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999;31(3):428-36.
14
Isear JA Jr, Erickson JC, Worrell TW. EMG analysis of lower extremity muscle recruitment patterns during an unloaded squat. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1997;29(4):532-9.
15
Schwanbeck S, Chilibeck PD, Binsted G. A comparison of free weight squat to Smith machine squat using electromyography. J Strength Cond Res 2009;23(9):2588-91.
16
Anderson K, Behm DG. Trunk muscle activity increases with unstable squat movements. Can J Appl Physiol 2005;30(1):33-45.
17
Cotterman ML, Darby LA, Skelly WA. Comparison of muscle force production using the Smith machine and free weights for bench press and squat exercises. J Strength Cond Res 2005;19(1):169-76.
18
Hedayatpour N, Fathi M. Co-activation of the knee joint flexor and extensor muscles during multidirectional perturbations after fatiguing exercise. Medicina dello Sport 2013;66(2):189-98.
19
Lloyd DG, Buchanan TS. Strategies of muscular support of varus and valgus isometric loads at the human knee. J Biomech 2001;34(10):1257-67.
20
Hubley-Kozey C, Deluzio K, Dunbar M. Muscle co-activation patterns during walking in those with severe knee osteoarthritis. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2008;23(1):71-80.
21
Schipplein OD, Andriacchi TP. Interaction between active and passive knee stabilizers during level walking. J Orthop Res 1991;9(1):113-9.
22
Zhang LQ, Xu D, Wang G, Hendrix RW. Muscle strength in knee varus and valgus. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001;33(7):1194-9.
23
Hesari P, Rabiei M, , JafarnezhadT, Hoseininezhad SE ,Anbarian M. The comparison of myoelectric activity of selected lower limb muscles during three common quadriceps strength exercises performed with different loads. Sport Medicine 2012; 31(2):31-48. Persian
24
Hermens HJ, Freriks B, Merletti R, Stegeman D, Blok J, Rau G, et al. European recommendations for surface electromyography. Roessingh Research and Development 1999; 8(2):13-54.
25
Heiden TL, Lloyd DG, Ackland TR. Knee joint kinematics, kinetics and muscle co-contraction in knee osteoarthritis patient gait. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2009;24(10):833-41.
26
Cohen J. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. Academic press; Hilsdale. NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates, Third edition, 2013.
27
Cowan SM, Bennell KL, Hodges PW, Crossley KM, McConnell J. Simultaneous feedforward recruitment of the vasti in untrained postural tasks can be restored by physical therapy. J Orthop Res 2003;21(3):553-8.
28
Makhsous M, Lin F, Koh JL, Nuber GW, Zhang LQ. In vivo and noninvasive load sharing among the vasti in patellar malalignment. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2004;36(10):1768-75.
29
Hodges PW, van den Hoorn W, Wrigley TV, Hinman RS, Bowles KA, Cicuttini F, et al. Increased duration of co-contraction of medial knee muscles is associated with greater progression of knee osteoarthritis. Man Ther 2016;21:151-8.
30
Rudolph KS, Schmitt LC, Lewek MD. Age-related changes in strength, joint laxity, and walking patterns: are they related to knee osteoarthritis? Phys Ther 2007;87(11):1422-32.
31
Lawrence RC, Helmick CG, Arnett FC, Deyo RA, Felson DT, Giannini EH, et al. Estimates of the prevalence of arthritis and selected musculoskeletal disorders in the United States. Arthritis Rheum 1998;41(5):778-99.
32
Elias AR, Hammill CD, Mizner RL. Changes in quadriceps and hamstring cocontraction following landing instruction in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2015;45(4):273-80.
33
Kim HJ, Lee JH, Ahn SE, Park MJ, Lee DH. Influence of anterior cruciate ligament tear on thigh muscle strength and hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2016;11(1):e0146234.
34
Letafatkar A, Rajabi R, Tekamejani EE, Minoonejad H. Effects of perturbation training on knee flexion angle and quadriceps to hamstring cocontraction of female athletes with quadriceps dominance deficit: Pre-post intervention study. Knee 2015;22(3):230-6.
35
Frank RM, Lundberg H, Wimmer MA, Forsythe B, Bach BR, Verma NN, et al. Hamstring activity in the anterior cruciate ligament injured patient: injury implications and comparison with quadriceps activity. Arthroscopy 2016;32(8):1651-9.
36
Sekir U, Arabaci R, Akova B. Acute effects of static stretching on peak and end-range hamstring-to-quadriceps functional ratios. World J Orthop 2015;6(9):719-26.
37
Yoo WG. Comparison of hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio between accelerating and decelerating sections during squat exercise. J Phys Ther Sci 2016;28(9):2468-69.
38
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Defense mechanisms in psychological health and sport success of athletes
Introduction: Defense mechanisms represent a crucial component of our capacity to maintain emotional homeostasis. The present study is carried out with the purpose of determining the predictability of psychological health and sport success by defense mechanisms used by elite athletes. Materials & Methods: A sample of 385 (285 male and 100 female) elite athletes were chosen in 2014. Participants completed Mental Health Inventory (MHI), Sport Success Scale and Defense Style Questionnaire. Analysis of the data involved both descriptive and inferential statistics including Pierson’s correlation and multivariate regression analyses. Results:The results revealed that there were significant positive relationship between mature defense mechanisms with psychological wellbeing and sport success. Also there were significant negative relationship between neurotic defense mechanisms and immature defense mechanisms with psychological wellbeing and sport success, while the neurotic defense mechanisms were significantly associated with distress psychological. The results of regression analysis showed that psychological wellbeing could be predicted by mature and neurotic defense mechanisms. Also sport success could be predicted by immature and neurotic defense mechanisms. Conclusion: It can be concluded that psychological health components and sport success are influenced by defense mechanisms through self-regulating processes which operate with the aim of reducing cognitive discrepancies and minimizing sudden changes. Therefore, modification of defense mechanisms can improve mental quality of life and sport success in athletes.
https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_55886_bcbba24edde0898e471c41401bd84e94.pdf
2017-09-01
379
388
Defense Mechanisms
mental health
Success
Athletes
Afrooz
Mousavi
afrooz2d1386@yahoo.com
1
PhD of Sport Psychology, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad
Vaez Mousavi
2
Professor of sport psychology, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Hamid
Yaghubi
hyagubi@yahoo.com
3
Assistant Professor of clinical psychology, Department of clinical psychology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Bal BS, Dureja G. Sport imagery and mental health among omnivorous combative players: A psychological probe. Int J Psychol Couns 2012; 4(2): 18-23.
1
Starkes JL, Ericsson KA. Expert Performance in Sports Advances in Research on Sport Expertise. USA: Human Kinetics; 2003.
2
VaezMousavi M, Mosayebi F. Sport Psychology. 3th ed. Tehran: Samt; 2011. Persian
3
Vaillant GE. Ego mechanisms of defense and personality psychopathology. J Abnorm Psychol 1994; 103(1):44-50.
4
Cramer P, Jones CJ. Defense mechanisms predict differential lifespan change in Self-control and Self-acceptance. Journal of Research in Personality 2007; 41(4):841-55.
5
Freud S, Strachey J. The ego and the id. The Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud. 1th ed. New York: W. W. Norton & Company; 1976.
6
Andrews G, Singh M, Bond M. The Defense Style Questionnaire. J Nerv Ment Dis 1993; 181(4):246-56.
7
Vaillant GE. Adaptive mental mechanisms. Their role in a positive psychology. Am Psychol 2000; 55(1):89-98.
8
Wells A, Matthews G. Attention and Emotion: A Clinical Perspective. 1th ed. UK: Psychology Press; 1994.
9
Ramachandran VS. Encyclopedia of Human Behavior. 2th ed. USA: Academic Press; 2012.
10
Cramer P. Personality, personality disorders, and defense mechanisms. Journal of Personality 1999; 67(3): 535-54.
11
Carvalho AF, Hyphantis TN, Taunay TC, Macêdo DS, Floros GD, Ottoni GL, et al. The relationship between affective temperaments, defensive styles and depressive symptoms in a large sample. J Affect Disord 2013; 146(1):58-65.
12
Zeigler-Hill V, Chadha S, Osterman L. Psychological defense and self-esteem instability: Is defense style associated with unstable self-esteem? Journal of Research in Personality 2008; 42(2):348-64.
13
Calati R, Oasi O, De Ronchi D, Serretti A. The use of the defence style questionnaire in major depressive and panic disorders: a comprehensive meta-analysis. Psychol Psychother 2010; 83(Pt 1):1-13.
14
Parker JD, Taylor GJ, Bagby RM. Alexithymia: relationship with ego defense and coping styles. Compr Psychiatry 1998;39(2):91-8.
15
Silva JM, Metzler JN, Lerner B. Training Professionals in the Practice of Sport Psychology. 2th ed. Morgantown: Fitness Information Technology; 2011.
16
Hammermeister J, Burton D. Gender differences in coping with endurance sport stress: Are men from Mars and women from Venus? Journal of Sport Behavior 2004; 27(2): 148-64.
17
Blackman JS. 101 Defenses: How the Mind Shields Itself. 2th ed. New York: Brunner-Routledge; 2004
18
Bouchard G, Thériault VJ. Defense mechanisms and coping strategies in conjugal relationships: an integration. International Journal of Psychology 2003; 38(2):79-90.
19
Nicolas M, Jebrane A. Relationships between coping strategies and defense mechanisms in sport performance. Psychol Rep 2008; 103(3):735-44.
20
Heidari Nasab L, Mansouri M, Azad Fakah P, Shaieeri MR. Validity and Reliability of Defense Style Questionaire (DSQ-40) in Iranian samples. Daneshvar Raftar 2007; 14 (22): 11-27. Persian
21
Veit CT, Ware JE. The structure of psychological distress and well-being in general populations. J Consult Clin Psychol 1983; 51(5):730-42.
22
Heubeck BG, Neill JT. Confirmatory factor analysis and reliability of the Mental Health Inventory for Australian adolescents. Psychol Rep 2000; 87(2):431-40.
23
Mousavi A, VaezMousavi M, Yaghobi H. Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Mental Health Inventory (MHI-38) in Elite Athletes. Sport Psychology Studies 2015; 4(11): 27-40. Persian
24
Mousavi A, VaezMousavi M. Introducing the Sport Success Scale (SSS). J Motor Behavior 2015; 7(19): 123-42. Persian
25
Vaillant GE. Ego Mechanisms of Defense: A Guide for Clinicians and Researchers. 1 th ed. Washington, DC: Amer Psychiatric Pub Inc; 1992.
26
Mohammadpour Yazdi AR, Birashk B, Fata L, Dezhkam M. Case-control study of defense styles and state-trait anxiety among college students with general anxiety disorder. Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health 2009; 11(41): 7-14. Persian
27
Huppert FA. Psychological well‐being: evidence regarding its causes and consequences. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being 2009; 1(2): 137-64.
28
Vallerand RJ. The role of passion in sustainable psychological well-being. Psychology of Well-Being: Theory, Research and Practice 2012; 2(1):1.
29
Nicholls AR, Polman R C, Levy AR, Hulleman J. An explanation for the fallacy of facilitative anxiety: stress, emotions, coping, and subjective performance in sport. International Journal of Sport Psychology 2012; 43(4): 273-93.
30
Nicholls AR, Levy AR. The road to London 2012: The lived stressor, emotion, and coping experiences of gymnasts preparing for and competing at the world championships. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 2016; 14(3): 255-67.
31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Therapeutic effects of Lucilia sericata larvae on cutaneous leishmaniasis wounds caused by Leishmania major using BALB/c mice as animal model
Background: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is an endemic disease in Iran. The pentavalent antimonials as first-line drugs are losing efficacy because of side effects, disease relapse and drug resistance. Application of Lucilia sericata larvae (maggot therapy) to diabetic and refractory wounds approved to be satisfactory for accelerating healing process. In this study, therapeutic effects of L. sericata maggot was evaluated in vivo against leishmanial ulcer using BALB/c mice as animal model. Methods: Female BALB/c mice were inoculated with promastigotes at the base of tails and kept for 28 days until the emergence of early ulcers. The mice were then underwent 4 treatments as follows: Glucantime alone, Glucantime plus maggots, maggot alone and positive control. The control and treated mice were monitored for a period of 5 weeks during which the wound diameters were measured and recorded on a weekly basis. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and ANOVA T- test. Results: Statistical analysis showed significant difference (p <0.05) between treated groups in terms of wounds diameters. The Glucantime treated mice had the least sized lesions. The wound sizes of otherwise treated mice were smaller than those of control mice, but with no statistically significant differences. Control mice harbored active and progressing ulcers, while treated mice had shrinking and healing wounds upon maggot therapy. Conclusion: Maggot therapy accelerated closure and healing process of leishmanial wounds in BALB/c mice and appeared promising as a new combinatorial therapeutics for leishmaniasis. However, further clinical trials are needed to evaluate the efficacy of maggot therapy modalities for leishmanial lesion care.
https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_55887_eebcb902408d847194449d03d8fd5bfb.pdf
2017-09-01
389
396
Cutaneous leishmaniasis
Lucilia sericata
Drug resistance
BALB/c Mice
Maggot therapy
Mohadese
Kabiri
mmohadese.kabiri@yahoo.com
1
MSc in Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University
AUTHOR
Mohammad Saaid
Dayer
dayer@modares.ac.ir
2
Assistant Professor of Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University
LEAD_AUTHOR
Fatemeh
Ghaffarifar
ghaffarifar@yahoo.com
3
Professor of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University
AUTHOR
Kedzierski L, Sakthianandeswaren A, Curtis JM, Andrews PC, Junk PC, Kedzierska K. Leishmaniasis: current treatment and prospects for new drugs and vaccines. Curr Med Chem 2009; 16(5):599-614.
1
Desjeux P. Leishmaniasis. Public health aspects and control. Clin Dermatol 1996; 14(5):417-23.
2
Natera S, Machuca C, Padrón-Nieves M, Romero A, Díaz E, Ponte-Sucre A. Leishmania spp.: proficiency of drug-resistant parasites. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007; 29(6):637-42.
3
Kobets T, Grekov I, Lipoldova M. Leishmaniasis: prevention, parasite detection and treatment Curr Med Chem 2012; 19(10):1443-74.
4
Sun X, Jiang K, Chen J, Wu L, Lu H, Wang A, Wang J. A systematic review of maggot debridement therapy for chronically infected wounds and ulcers. Int J Infect Dis 2014; 25:32-7.
5
Van der Plas MJ, van der Does AM, Baldry M, Dogterom-Ballering HC, van Gulpen C, van Dissel JT, et al. Maggot excretions/secretions inhibit multiple neutrophil pro-inflammatory responses. Microbes Infect 2007; 9(4):507-14.
6
Beasley WD, Hirst G. Making a meal of MRSA-the role of biosurgery in hospital-acquired infection. J Hosp Infect 2004; 56(1):6-9.
7
Robinson W, Norwood VH. The rôle of surgical maggots in the disinfection of osteomyelitis and other infected wounds. The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 1933; 15(2):409-12.
8
Peck GW, Kirkup BC. Biocompatibility of antimicrobials to maggot debridement therapy: medical maggots Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) exhibit tolerance to clinical maximum doses of antimicrobials. J Med Entomol 2012; 49(5):1137-43.
9
Fleischmann W, Grassberger M, Sherman R. Maggot Therapy: A Handbook of Maggot-Assisted Wound Healing. USA: Thieme; 2004.
10
Wolff H, Hansson C. Rearing larvae of Lucilia sericata for chronic ulcer treatment--an improved method. Acta Derm Venereol 2005; 85(2):126-31.
11
Sherman RA, Hall MJ, Thomas S. Medicinal maggots: an ancient remedy for some contemporary afflictions. Annu Rev Entomol 2000; 45:55-81.
12
Pechter EA, Sherman RA. Maggot therapy: the surgical metamorphosis. Plast Reconstr Surg 1983; 72(4):567-70.
13
Kholoud A, Mohamed A, Azza MH. Parasitological, Bacteriological and Clinical Study of Wound Myiasis with a Trial of Maggot Therapy in Intractable Wounds. Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology 2009; 18(4):77-88.
14
Ben Salah A, Ben Messaoud N, Guedri E, Zaatour A, Ben Alaya N, Bettaieb J, et al. Topical paromomycin with or without gentamicin for cutaneous leishmaniasis. N Engl J Med 2013; 368(6):524-32.
15
Makwali JA, Wanjala FM, Kaburi JC, Ingonga J, Byrum WW, Anjili CO. Combination and monotherapy of Leishmania major infection in BALB/c mice using plant extracts and herbicides. J Vector Borne Dis 2012; 49(3):123-30.
16
Pearson RD, Sousa AQ. Clinical spectrum of Leishmaniasis. Clin Infect Dis1996; 22(1):1-13.
17
Croft SL, Seifert K, Yardley V. Current scenario of drug development for leishmaniasis. Indian J Med Res 2006; 123(3):399-410.
18
Berman JD. Human leishmaniasis: clinical, diagnostic, and chemotherapeutic developments in the last 10 years. Clin Infect Dis 1997; 24(4):684-703.
19
Brodskyn C, de Oliveira CI, Barral A, Barral-Netto M. Vaccines in leishmaniasis: advances in the last five years. Expert Rev Vaccines 2003; 2(5):705-17.
20
Alnaimat SM, Wainwright M, Aladaileh SH. An initial in vitro investigation into the potential therapeutic use of Lucilia sericata maggot to control superficial fungal infections. Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences 2013; 6(2):137-42.
21
Bexfield A, Bond AE, Morgan C, Wagstaff J, Newton RP, Ratcliffe NA, et al. Amino acid derivatives from Lucilia sericata excretions/secretions may contribute to the beneficial effects of maggot therapy via increased angiogenesis. Br J Dermatol 2010; 162(3):554-62.
22
Wollina U, Liebold K, Schmidt WD, Hartmann M, Fassler D. Biosurgery supports granulation and debridement in chronic wounds--clinical data and remittance spectroscopy measurement. Int J Dermatol 2002;41(10):635-9.
23
Wang XY, Li XR, Gao L, Wang JN. Could microbe stimulated maggots become a targeted natural antibiotics family? Med Hypotheses 2014; 83(1):60-1.
24
Sanei-Dehkordi A, Khamesipour A, Akbarzadeh K, Akhavan AA, Mir Amin Mohammadi A, Mohammadi Y, et al. Anti Leishmania activity of Lucilia sericata and Calliphora vicina maggots in laboratory models. Exp Parasitol 2016; 170:59-65.
25
Arrivillaga J, Rodríguez J, Oviedo M. Evaluación preliminar en un modelo animal de la terapia con larvas de Lucilia sericata para el tratamiento de la leishmaniasis cutánea. Biomédica 2008; 28(2):305-10.
26
Polat E, Cakan H, Aslan M, Sirekbasan S, Kutlubay Z, Ipek T, et al. Detection of anti-leishmanial effect of the Lucilia sericata larval secretions in vitro and in vivo on Leishmania tropica: first work. Exp Parasitol 2012; 132(2):129-34.
27
Polat E, Kutlubay Z. Meglümin antimoniat tedavisine dirençli dört kutanöz leishmaniosis olgusu. Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2014; 38:177-80.
28
Choudhary V, Choudhary M, Pandey S, Chauhan VD, Hasnani JJ. Maggot debridement therapy as primary tool to treat chronic wound of animals. Vet World 2016; 9(4):403-9.
29
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Global and Local Attention Processing in Depressed Mood
Background: Attention impairments are the hallmark feature of subclinical depression. The present study used Navon task to compare the allocation of attention to the local and global stimuli in depressed and nondepressed participants. Method: The primary sample included 186 female high school students from Shiraz city who were selected using cluster sampling. The final sample included 145 participants with a stable mood during two-week mood monitoring (75 nondepressed and 70 depressed). A computerized version of Navon task was used to measure attention to local and global stimuli. Results: Depressed participants showed relatively faster reaction times to the global stimuli than to the local stimuli when compared with those in the nondepressed group, which implies a more global scope of attention. Conclusion: Findings are discussed in line with the available conceptualizations of attention changes in depression. In addition, the results are explained in terms of the defocused attention hypothesis and functional perspective of depressed mood.
https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_55888_470ee2e64297523d77486eed65728298.pdf
2017-09-01
397
405
depression
Global attention
Local attention
Navon task
Defocused attention
Samaneh
Mohammadi-Nasab
mohammadinasab67@yahoo.com
1
Master Student of General Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Masoud
Fazilat-Pour
fazilatm@uk.ac.ir
2
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abbas
Rahmati
3
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Vos T, Barber RM, Bell B, Bertozzi-Villa A, Biryukov S, Bolliger I, et al. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. The Lancet. 2015 Aug 22; 386(9995):743-800.
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Murray CJ, Lopez AD. Global health statistics: a compendium of incidence, prevalence and mortality estimates for over 200 conditions. United States: Harvard School of Public Health; 1996.
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Ellis HC, Ashbrook PW. Resource allocation model of the effects of depressed mood states on memory. Affect, Cognition, and Social Behavior 1988; 25-43.
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Dobson DJG, Dobson KS. Problem-solving strategies in depressed and nondepressed college students. Cognitive Therapy and Research 1981; 5(3):237-49.
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Joormann J, Gotlib IH. Updating the contents of working memory in depression: interference from irrelevant negative material. J Abnorm Psychol 2008; 117(1):182-92.
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Asarnow LD, Thompson RJ, Joormann J, Gotlib IH. Children at risk for depression: memory biases, self-schemas, and genotypic variation. J Affect Disord 2014; 159:66-72.
6
Sedek G, Brzezicka A, von Hecker U. The Unique Cognitive Limitation in Subclinical Depression: The Impairment of Mental Model Construction. In: Gruszka A, Matthews G, Szymura B, editors. Handbook of Individual Differences in Cognition: Attention, Memory, and Executive Control. New York, NY: Springer New York; 2010. p. 335-52.
7
von Hecker U, Sedek G, Brzezicka A. Impairments in Mental Model Construction and Benefits of Defocused Attention. European Psychologist 2013; 18: 35-46.
8
Gotlib IH, McLachlan AL, Katz AN. Biases in Visual Attention in Depressed and Nondepressed Individuals. Cognition and Emotion 1988; 2(3):185-200.
9
Gotlib IH, McCann CD. Construct accessibility and depression: an examination of cognitive and affective factors. J Pers Soc Psychol 1984; 47(2):427-39.
10
Sarason IG, Sarason BR, Pierce GR. Cognitive Interference: Theories, Methods, and Findings (Lea's Personality and Clinical Psychology Series). 1th ed. New York: Routledge; 1996.
11
Linville P. Attention inhibition: Does it underlie ruminative thought? Advances in Social Cognition 1996; 9:121-33.
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Matthews GR, Antes JR. Visual attention and depression: Cognitive biases in the eye fixations of the dysphoric and the nondepressed. Cognitive Therapy and Research 1992; 16(3):359-71.
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Von Hecker U, Meiser T. Defocused attention in depressed mood: evidence from source monitoring. Emotion 2005; 5(4):456-63.
14
Eriksen CW, Yeh YY. Allocation of attention in the visual field. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 1985; 11(5):583-97.
15
Brzezicka A, Krejtz I, von Hecker U, Laubrock J. Eye movement evidence for defocused attention in dysphoria--a perceptual span analysis. Int J Psychophysiol 2012; 85(1):129-33.
16
Gable P, Harmon-Jones E. The blues broaden, but the nasty narrows: attentional consequences of negative affects low and high in motivational intensity. Psychol Sci 2010; 21(2):211-5.
17
Gable P, Harmon-Jones E. The motivational dimensional model of affect: Implications for breadth of attention, memory, and cognitive categorisation. Cognition and Emotion 2010; 24(2):322-37.
18
De Fockert JW, Cooper A. Higher levels of depression are associated with reduced global bias in visual processing. Cogn Emot 2014; 28(3):541-9.
19
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20
Nesse RM. Evolutionary explanations of emotions. Hum Nat 1990; 1(3):261-89.
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Nesse R. Emotional disorders in evolutionary perspective. Br J Med Psychol 1998; 71 (Pt 4):397-415
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Welling H. An evolutionary function of the depressive reaction: the cognitive map hypothesis. New Ideas in Psychology 2003; 21(2):147-56.
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Frijda NH. The Emotions (Studies in Emotion and Social Interaction). USA: Cambridge University Press; 1986.
24
Oatley K, Johnson-Laird PN. Towards a cognitive theory of emotions. Cognition and Emotion 1987; 1(1):29-50.
25
Klinger E, Cox WM. Motivation and the Theory of Current Concerns. Handbook of Motivational Counseling: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2008. p. 1-27.
26
Ghassemzadeh H, Mojtabai R, Karamghadiri N, Ebrahimkhani N. Psychometric properties of a Persian-language version of the Beck Depression Inventory--Second edition: BDI-II-PERSIAN. Depress Anxiety 2005; 21(4):185-92.
27
Kaviani H, Mousavi AS. Psychometric properties of the Persian version of Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Tehran Univ Med J 2008; 66(2):136-40. Persian
28
Navon D. Forest before trees: The precedence of global features in visual perception. Cognitive Psychology 1977; 9(3):353-83.
29
Fredrickson BL. The role of positive emotions in positive psychology. The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. Am Psychol 2001; 56(3):218-26.
30
Mathôt S, Schreij D, Theeuwes J. OpenSesame: An open-source, graphical experiment builder for the social sciences. Behav Res Methods 2012; 44(2): 314–24.
31
Gannon KM, Skowronski JJ, Betz AL. Depressive diligence in social information processing: Implications for order effects in impressions and for social memory. Social Cognition 1994; 12(4): 263-80.
32
Ric F, Scharnitzky P. Effects of control deprivation on effort expenditure and accuracy performance. European Journal of Social Psychology 2003; 33(1):103-18.
33
Gleicher F, Weary G. Effect of depression on quantity and quality of social inferences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1991; 61(1): 105-14.
34
Pittman TS, D'Agostino PR. Motivation and attribution: The effects of control deprivation on subsequent information processing. New York: Academic Press; 1985.
35
Bugental DB, Lewis JC. Interpersonal Power Repair in Response to Threats to Control from Dependent Others. In: Kofta M, Weary G, Sedek G, editors. Personal Control in Action: Cognitive and Motivational Mechanisms. Boston, MA: Springer US; 1998. p. 341-62.
36
Kofta M, Sedek G. Uncontrollability as a Source of Cognitive Exhaustion. In: Kofta M, Weary G, Sedek G, editors. Personal Control in Action: Cognitive and Motivational Mechanisms. Boston, MA: Springer US; 1998. p. 391-418.
37
Hammar A, Lund A, Hugdahl K. Selective impairment in effortful information processing in major depression. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 2003; 9(6):954-9.
38
Fazilat-Pour M. Defocused attention in depressed mood [dissertation]. Cardiff University, UK, 2009.
39
Weary G, Marsh KL, Gleicher F, Edwards JA. Depression, control motivation, and the processing of information about others. In Control motivation and social cognition 1993 (pp. 255-287). Springer New York.
40
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Malnutrition prevalence study in the 2-6 years old children in Kerman rural kindergartens, Kerman, Iran, 2012
Introduction: Infants and young children are the most vulnerable group to malnutrition. Malnutrition can cause child growth disorders. Child growth measurement is a basic instrument to measure the child malnutrition. This study was conducted to determine the malnutrition prevalence in children 2-6 years of age in Kerman rural kindergartens. Methods: The current study is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted on 1154 of children under 6 year old. Weight and height was measured using standard instrument and method. Data entry was performed by SPSS 18. It is advised to assess child growth in developing countries by using WHO Anthro software. So, weight, height and BMI for age indicators was calculated by WHO Anthro software based on Z-score. To data analysis t-test and x2 test were applied. Results: 1154 children. (597 boys and 557 girls, mean age of 58.4±10 months) were evaluated. Sever, medium and mild stunting (defined as height for age below the -1Z-score) prevalence was observed in 1.6%, 5.5% and 19.1% of children respectively. Sever, medium and mild underweight (defined as weight for age below the -1Z-score) prevalence was observed in 0.7%, 6.7% and 26% respectively. Sever, medium and mild wasting (defined as BMI for age below the -1Z-score) prevalence was observed in 1.3%, 9.5% and 25.6% respectively. Overweight (defined as BMI for age above the +2Z-score) and obesity (defined as BMI for age above the +3Z-score) was observed in 4.5% and 2.4% respectively. No significant difference of malnutrition prevalence was observed between boys and girls (p >0.05). Conclusion: The study results show that underweight and wasting prevalence in studied children based on WHO criteria is high. So emphasis on more efforts to reduce malnutrition in rural children of Kerman. It should be considered as a health priority in this community.
https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_55891_9cddcb41c57ea89dc3625b237daa1bb6.pdf
2017-09-01
406
413
Malnutrition
Stunting
Underweight
Wasting
Overweight
Obesity
growth
Children at 2-6 years old
Faride
Doostan
f_doostan@kmu.ac.ir
1
Assistant Professor, Endocrinology Research Center & School of health and Nutritional Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mina
Tabatabaei
2
Master of Nutritional Sciences, Ministry of Health, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Saba
Loloei
3
Ph.D. Student, Food and Nutrition Policies, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Blössner M, de Onis M. Malnutrition: Quantifying the health impact at national and local levels. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2005. (WHO Environmental Burden of Disease Series, No. 12) cited 201 Jan 12]. Available from: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/43120/1/9241591870.pdf
1
Ramalho AA, Mantovani SA, Delfino BM, Pereira TM, Martins AC, Oliart-Guzmán H, et al. Nutritional status of children under 5 years of age in the Brazilian Western Amazon before and after the Interoceanic highway paving: a population-based study. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:1098.
2
Black RE, Victora CG, Walker SP, Bhutta ZA, Christian P, de Onis M, et al. Maternal and child undernutrition and overweight in low-income and middle-income countries. The Lancet 382(9890):427-51.
3
Georgiadis A. Child Malnutrition in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Determinants, Implications and Opportunities for Social Entrepreneurship. University of Oxford; 2014: [cited 2017 Jan 15. Available from: https://www.sbs.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/Skoll_Centre/Docs/essay-georgiadis.pdf
4
Duggan MB. Anthropometry as a tool for measuring malnutrition: impact of the new WHO growth standards and reference. Ann Trop Paediatr 2010; 30(1):1-17.
5
World Health Organization (WHO). Nutrition Landscape Information System (NLIS) Country Profile Indicators: Interpretation Guide; 2010 [cited 2017 Dec 1]. Available from: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/44397/1/9789241599955_eng.pdf
6
Birhanu MM. Systematic reviews of prevalence and associated factors of under five malnutrition in Ethiopia: finding the evidence. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences 2015; (4)4:459-64.
7
Pei L, Ren L, Yan H. A survey of undernutrition in children under three years of age in rural Western China. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:121.
8
Krishnaveni GV, Veena SR, Srinivasan K, Osmond C, Fall CH. Linear Growth and Fat and Lean Tissue Gain during Childhood: Associations with Cardiometabolic and Cognitive Outcomes in Adolescent Indian Children. PLoS One 2015; 10(11):e0143231.
9
World Health Organization (WHO). Joint UNICEF – WHO – The World Bank Child Malnutrition Database: Estimates for 2012 and Launch of Interactive Data Dashboards; 2013. [cited 2017 Dec 1]. Available from: http://www.who.int/nutgrowthdb/jme_2012_summary_note_v2.pdf
10
Sharifzadeh G, Mehrjoofard H, Raghebi S. Prevalence of Malnutrition in under 6-year Olds in South Khorasan, Iran. Iranian Journal of Pediatrics 2010; 20(4):435-41. Persian
11
Kavosi E, Hassanzadeh Rostami Z, Kavosi Z, Nasihatkon A, Moghadami M, Heidari M. Prevalence and determinants of under-nutrition among children under six: a cross-sectional survey in Fars province, Iran. Int J Health Policy Manag 2014; 3(2): 71–6.
12
Nouri Saeidlou S, Babaei F, Ayremlou P. Malnutrition, overweight, and obesity among urban and rural children in north of west Azerbijan, Iran. J Obes 2014; 2014:541213.
13
World Health Organization(WHO). WHO child growth standards: length/height for age, weight-for-age, weight-for-length, weight-for-height and body mass index-for-age, methods and development; 2006. [cited 2017 Oct 11]. Available from: http://www.who.int/childgrowth/standards/Technical_report.pdf
14
Kimani-Murage EW, Kahn K, Pettifor JM, Tollman SM, Dunger DB, Gómez-Olivé XF, et al. The prevalence of stunting, overweight and obesity, and metabolic disease risk in rural South African children. BMC Public Health 2010; 10:158.
15
Gholami A, Shorvarzi L, Rastegari A, Taghavi Rad A. Prevalence of underweight among rural children aged 3 to 6 year old in Neyshabur. J Neyshabur Univ Med Sci 2014; 1(1):10-3. Persian
16
Sarbishehgi Moghadam M, Khanjani N, Doostan F. Environmental Factors Associated with Growth Delay among 3-72 Month Old Children in Sarbisheh, South Khorasan Province, 2013. J Neyshabur Univ Med Sci 2016; 4(1):30-40. Persian
17
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Frequency of factor V Leiden (G1691A) and prothrombin (G20210A) polymorphisms in Population of Kerman Province, Iran
Background & Aims:Thromboembolism is an acute cardiovascular disease that ranges from clinically unimportant to massive embolism. Both acquired and hereditary risk factors contribute to the disease.
We aimed to determine the prevalence of two hereditary predisposing factor of the disease, prothrombin G20210A and factor V Leiden (G1691A) polymorphisms, in Kerman population. Methods:factor V and factor II genes of 112 healthy individuals were examined to detect factor V Leiden (G1691A) and prothrombin G20210A variants. Genomic DNA of subjects was isolated from leukocytes of the whole blood using salt-saturation method. We used amplification refractory mutation system technique to find G1691A and G20210A variations. Results: We found two subjects with prothrombin G20210A mutation and three individuals with factor V Leiden variant, both in heterozygote state. The frequency of the polymorphisms were 1.79 and 2.68, respectively. No homozygote or compound heterozygote individual was detected for these two variants in this study. Conclusion: our findings about the polymorphisms frequency were different from what was detected in other provinces of Iran or in some region of neighboring countries. This discrepancy of the variant frequency can be explained by gene flow phenomenon.
https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_55897_ebacb3108c8248bfd6dadfa132da5871.pdf
2017-09-01
414
419
Frequency
Factor V Leiden
Prothrombin G20210A
Nasrollah
Saleh-gohari
n_salehgohari@kmu.ac.ir
1
Genetic Department, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Neda
Salmani-Cheharfarsakhi
ne_salmani@yahoo.com
2
Genetic Laboratory, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Endler G, Mannhalter C. Polymorphisms in coagulation factor genes and their impact on arterial and venous thrombosis. Clin Chim Acta 2003; 330(1-2):31–55.
1
Poort SR, Rosendaal FR, Reitsma PH, Bertina RM. A common genetic variation in the 30-untranslated region of the prothrombin gene is associated with elevated plasma prothrombin levels and an increase in venous thrombosis. Blood 1996; 88(10):3698-703.
2
Şahin Ş, Benli I, Aydoğan L. Distribution of prothrombin G20210A, factor V Leiden, and MTHFR C677T mutations in the middle black sea area (Tokat) of Turkey. Turk J Med Sci 2012; 2012; 42 (6): 1093-1097.
3
Martinelli I. Risk factors in venous thromboembolism. Thromb Haemost 2001; 86(1):395-403.
4
Martinelli I, Battaglioli T, Mannucci PM. Pharmacogenetic aspects of the use of oral contraceptives and the risk of thrombosis. Pharmacogenetics 2003; 13(10):589-94.
5
Spannagl M, Heinemann LA, Schramm W. Are factor V Leiden carriers who use oral contraceptives at extreme risk for venous thromboembolism? Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care 2000; 5(2):105-12.
6
Gehring NH, Frede U, Neu-Yilik G, Hundsdoerfer P, Vetter B, Hentze MW, et al. Increased efficiency of mRNA 3’ end formation: a new genetic mechanism contributing to hereditary thrombophilia. Nat Genet 2001; 28(4):389–392.
7
Bagheri M, Abdi Rad I. Frequency of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677CT and 1298AC mutations in an Iranian Turkish female population. Maedica A Journal of Clinical Medicine 2010; 5(3):171-177.
8
Miller SA, Dykes DD, Polesky HF. A simple salting out procedure for extracting DNA from human nucleated cells. Nucleic Acids Res 1988; 16(3):1215-16.
9
Newton CR, Graham A, Heptinstall LE, Powell SJ, Summeres C, Kalsheker N, et al. Analysis of any point mutation in DNA. The amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS). Nucleic Acids Res 1989; 17(7): 2503-16.
10
Ranguelov RD, Rosenthal N, Bromley C, Vasef MA. Detection of factor V leiden and prothrombin gene mutations in patients who died with thrombotic events. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2002; 126(10):1193–1196.
11
What do we know about heredity and factor V Leiden thrombophilia? http://www.genome.gov/15015167#Q5. Accessed June 16, 2017.
12
Rosendaal FR, Reitsma PH. "Genetics of Venous Thrombosis". J Thromb Haemost 2009; 7(1): 301–304.
13
Ridker PM, Miletich JP, Hennekens CH, Buring JE. "Ethnic distribution of factor V Leiden in 4047 men and women. Implications for venous thromboembolism screening". JAMA 1997; 277 (16): 1305–7.
14
Gregg JP, Yamane AJ, Grody WW. "Prevalence of the factor V-Leiden mutation in four distinct American ethnic populations". American Journal of Medical Genetics 1997; 73 (3): 334–6.
15
De Stefano V, Chiusolo P, Paciaroni K, Leone G. "Epidemiology of factor V Leiden: clinical implications". Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis 1998; 24 (4): 367–79.
16
Bagheri M, Rad IA. A Multiplex Allele Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (MAS-PCR) for the Detection of Factor V Leiden and Prothrombin G20210A. Maedica (Buchar) 2011; 6(1):3-9.
17
Rahimi Z, Vaisi-Raygani A, Mozafari H, Kharrazi H, Rezaei M, Nagel RL. Prevalence of factor V Leiden (G1691A) and prothrombin (G20210A) among Kurdish population from Western Iran. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2008; 25(3):280-3.
18
Karimi M, Panahandeh Shahraki GR, Yavarian M, Afrasiabi A, Dehbozorgian J, et al. Frequency of factor V leiden and prothrombin polymorphism in south of Iran. Iran J Med Sci 2009; 34(2):137-140.
19
Fakhr-Eldeen A, Badawy B, Abu A, Fawzy, MS. Factor V Leiden G1691A and Prothrombin G20210A mutations are associated with repeated spontaneous miscarriage in Northern area of Saudi Arabia. Genet.Mol.Res 2017; 16(4):1-8.
20
Al-Allawi NA1, Badi AI2, Goran MA3, Nerweyi FF4, Ballo HM5, Al-Mzury NT4. The Contributions of Thrombophilic Mutations to Genetic Susceptibility to Deep Venous Thrombosis in Iraqi Patients. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2015; 19(9):500-4.
21
Dashti AA, Jordon MM. Race differences in the prevalence of the factor V Leiden mutation in Kuwaiti nationals. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 38(6):3623–3628.
22
Nasiruddin, Zahur-ur-Rehman, Anwar M, Ahmed S, Ayyub M, Ali W. Frequency of factor V leiden mutation. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2005; 15 (1):15-7.
23
Ekim M, Ekim H, Yılmaz YK. The prevalence of Factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A, MTHFR C677T and MTHFR A1298C mutations in healthy Turkish population. Hippokratia 2015; 19(4):309-13.
24
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A Survey to Compare the Efficacy of Niosomal Erythromycin Alone versus Combination of Erythromycin and Zinc Acetate in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris
Background: Acne vulgaris is one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases. Topical antibiotics and retinoids are the first-line therapy in mild to moderate acne vulgaris. Due to increased resistance of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) to topical antibiotics, searching for new formulations of drug release such as niosomes is considered in order to increase efficacy and decrease drug resistance. This study compared the efficacy of niosomal erythromycin4% versus combination of erythromycin 4% and zinc acetate 1.2% in the treatment of mild to moderate acne vulgaris. Methods: In this double-blind clinical trial, 70 patients with mild to moderate acne vulgaris of both genders aged between 12 to 30 years were included. The patients were evaluated by counting of the lesions and assessment of quality of life during the 2nd, 4th, 8th and 12th weeks. Results: At the end of the study, 40% and 66.6% of the patients in niosomal erythromycin group showed a reduction in the number of non-inflammatory and inflammatory lesions, respectively. These percent for erythromycin and zinc acetate group were 46.6% and 63.3%. One hundred percent of excellent response (8 out of 30 patients) was observed in niosomal group (P=0.002). A significant improvement in the quality of life was also observed in niosomal group (P=0.001). Side effects were much less severe in the niosomal group than control group. Conclusion: The results showed that niosomal erythromycin has higher efficacy and less severe side effects in comparison with combination of erythromycin and zinc acetate.
https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_55899_3b3eafc1ad2c7b74454bd1609719bd79.pdf
2017-09-01
420
430
Acne Vulgaris
Niosomal
Erythromycin
Zinc Acetate
Saman
Mohammadi
sm_750@yahoo.com
1
Assistant professor of dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran
AUTHOR
Saeedeh
Farajzadeh
safaderm@yahoo.com
2
Professor of dermatology, Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran
AUTHOR
Abbas
Pardakhti
3
Professor of Pharmaceutics, Neuropharmacology Institute, Pharmaceutics Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Maryam
khalili
4
Assistant professor of dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran
AUTHOR
Azadeh
Mohebbi
5
Assistant professor of dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Yousefian
6
Resident of dermatology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahin
Aflatoonian
maaflatoonian@gmail.com
7
Assistant professor of dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Leyden JJ. A review of the use of combination therapies for the treatment of acne vulgaris. J Am Acad Dermatol 2003; 49(3 Suppl):S200-10.
1
Hacivelioglu S, Gungor AN, Gencer M, Uysal A, Hizli D, Koc E, et al. Acne severity and the Global Acne Grading System in polycystic ovary syndrome. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2013; 123(1):33-6.
2
Witkowski JA, Parish LC. The assessment of acne: an evaluation of grading and lesion counting in the measurement of acne. Clin Dermatol 2004; 22(5):394-7.
3
Thiboutot D, Zaenglein A, Weiss J, Webster G, Calvarese B, Chen D. An aqueous gel fixed combination of clindamycin phosphate 1.2% and benzoyl peroxide 2.5% for the once-daily treatment of moderate to severe acne vulgaris: assessment of efficacy and safety in 2813 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol 2008; 59(5):792-800.
4
Gollnick HP, Dreno B. Pathophysiology and management of acne. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 29 Suppl 4:1-2.
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Gollnick HP. From new findings in acne pathogenesis to new approaches in treatment. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 29 Suppl 5:1-7.
6
Dréno B. Treatment of adult female acne: a new challenge. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 29 Suppl 5:14-9.
7
Gieler U, Gieler T, Kupfer JP. Acne and quality of life - impact and management. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 29 Suppl 4:12-4.
8
Gollnick HP, Friedrich M, Peschen M, Pettker R, Pier A, Streit V, et al. Safety and efficacy of adapalene 0.1% / benzoyl peroxide 2.5% in the long-term treatment of predominantly moderate acne with or without concomitant medication - results from the non-interventional cohort study ELANG. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 29 Suppl 4:15-22.
9
Krejci-Manwaring J, Kerchner K, Feldman SR, Rapp DA, Rapp SR. Social sensitivity and acne: the role of personality in negative social consequences and quality of life. Int J Psychiatry Med 2006; 36(1):121-30.
10
Stainforth J, MacDonald-Hull S, Papworth-smith J, Eady E, Cunliffe W, Norris J, et al. A single-blind comparison of topical erythromycin/zinc lotion and oral minocycline in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Journal of Dermatological Treatment 1993; 4(3):119-22.
11
Bershad S. Developments in topical retinoid therapy for acne. Semin Cutan Med Surg 2001; 20(3):154-61.
12
Rigopoulos D, Ioannides D, Kalogeromitros D, Katsambas AD. Comparison of topical retinoids in the treatment of acne. Clin Dermatol 2004; 22(5):408-11.
13
Ozolins M, Eady EA, Avery AJ, Cunliffe WJ, Po AL, O'Neill C, et al. Comparison of five antimicrobial regimens for treatment of mild to moderate inflammatory facial acne vulgaris in the community: randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2004; 364(9452):2188-95.
14
Mahmoudi M, Hajheydari Z, Vahidshahi K, Nozari A. Comparison of efficacy of Azithromycin vs. Clindamycin and Erythromycin in the treatment of mild to moderate acne vulgaris. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 2011; 27(1): 68-72.
15
Bernstein JE, Shalita AR. Topically applied erythromycin in inflammatory acne vulgaris. J Am Acad Dermatol 1980; 2(4):318-21.
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Leccia MT, Auffret N, Poli F, Claudel JP, Corvec S, Dreno B. Topical acne treatments in Europe and the issue of antimicrobial resistance. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 29(8):1485-92.
17
Mills O, Thornsberry C, Cardin CW, Smiles KA, Leyden JJ. Bacterial resistance and therapeutic outcome following three months of topical acne therapy with 2% erythromycin gel versus its vehicle. Acta Derm Venereol 2002; 82(4):260-5.
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Chu A, Huber FJ, Plott RT. The comparative efficacy of benzoyl peroxide 5%/erythromycin 3% gel and erythromycin 4%/zinc 1.2% solution in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Br J Dermatol 1997; 136(2):235-8.
19
Strauss JS, Stranieri AM. Acne treatment with topical erythromycin and zinc: effect of Propionibacterium acnes and free fatty acid composition. J Am Acad Dermatol 1984; 11(1):86-9.
20
Bagheri A, Chu BS, Yaakob H. Niosomal drug delivery systems: Formulation, preparation and applications. World Applied Sciences Journal 2014; 32(8): 1671-85.
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Pola Chandu V, Arunachalam A, Jeganath S, Yamini K, Tharangini K, Chaitanya G. Niosomes: a novel drug delivery system. International Journal of Novel Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences 2012; 2(1):25-31.
22
Ochsendorf F. Clindamycin phosphate 1.2% / tretinoin 0.025%: a novel fixed-dose combination treatment for acne vulgaris. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 29 Suppl 5:8-13.
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Thielitz A, Lux A, Wiede A, Kropf S, Papakonstantinou E, Gollnick H. A randomized investigator-blind parallel-group study to assess efficacy and safety of azelaic acid 15% gel vs. adapalene 0.1% gel in the treatment and maintenance treatment of female adult acne. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 29(4):789-96.
25
Leyden JJ, Shalita AR, Saatjian GD, Sefton J. Erythromycin 2% gel in comparison with clindamycin phosphate 1% solution in acne vulgaris. J Am Acad Dermatol 1987; 16(4):822-7.
26
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Giant cell tumor of maxillary sinus: A case report
Giant cell tumor (GCT) is a benign primary bone neoplasm that usually occurre in the long bones. The skull is affected in only 1% of cases, predominantly in the sphenoid and temporal bones. Maxillary sinus involvement is exceedingly rare. The case is a 26 year-old man presented with history of gradually increasing swelling in the right side of face without any history of trauma or systemic disorders. Based on history, clinical examination and paraclinical finding biopsy was done and pathology report was giant cell lesion.
https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_55905_778cdaf4e4953bf37225e6f6292450b7.pdf
2017-09-01
431
434
Giant cell tumor
Bone neoplasm
Maxillary sinus
Mohammad ali
Damghani
1
Associate Professor of Otolaryngology ENT Department of Kerman University School of Medicine Shafa hospital
AUTHOR
Tooraj Reza
Mirshekari
s.rezaei.esf@gmail.com
2
Pathologist of Shafa Hospital Kerman University School of Medicine
LEAD_AUTHOR
Samira
Rezaei
3
Resident of ENT Department Kerman University School of Medicine
AUTHOR
Bitoh S, Takimoto N, Nakagawa H, Namba J, Sakaki S, Gohma T. Giant cell tumor of the skull. Surg Neurol 1978; 9(3):185-8.
1
Saw S, Thomas N, Gleeson MJ, Bódi I, Connor S, Hortobágyi T. Giant cell tumour and central giant cell reparative granuloma of the skull: do these represent ends of a spectrum? A case report and literature review. Pathol Oncol Res 2009; 15(2):291-5.
2
Qureshi SS, Puri A, Agarwal M, Desai S, Jambhekar N. Recurrent giant cell tumor of bone with simultaneous regional lymph node and pulmonary metastases. Skeletal Radiol 2005; 34(4):225-8.
3
Marioni G, Marchese-Ragona R, Guarda-Nardini L, Stramare R, Tognazza E, Marino F, et al. Giant cell tumour (central giant cell lesion) of the maxilla. Acta Otolaryngol 2006; 126(7):779-81.
4
Orhan E, Erol S, Deren O, Sevin A, Ekici O, Erdoğan B. Idiopathic bilateral central giant cell reparative granuloma of jaws: a case report and literature review. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2010; 74(5):547-52.
5
Proimos E, Chimona TS, Tamiolakis D, Tzanakakis MG, Papadakis CE. Brown tumor of the maxillary sinus in a patient with primary hyperparathyroidism: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2009; 3:7495.
6
Goldenberg RR, Campbell CJ, Bonfiglio M. Giant-cell tumor of bone. An analysis of two hundred and eighteen cases. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1970; 52(4):619-64.
7
Mohammed TL, Brummett DP, Hahn FJ, Sharma P. Intracranial giant cell reparative granuloma arising from the temporal lobe area: MR findings. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2001; 22(5):873-5.
8
Wolfe JT 3rd, Scheithauer BW, Dahlin DC. Giant-cell tumor of the sphenoid bone. Review of 10 cases. Review of 10 cases. J Neurosurg 1983; 59(2):322-7.
9
Matsui T, Iwamuro K, Ishikawa T, Asano T, Itoyama S, Tabe H. Large giant cell reparative granuloma of the petrous bone--case report. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2002; 42(5):232-6.
10
Gandara-Rey JM, Pacheco Martins Carneiro JL, Gandara-Vila P, Blanco-Carrion A, García-García A, Madriñán-Graña P, et al. Peripheral giant-cell granuloma. Review of 13 cases. Med Oral 2002; 7(4):254-9.
11
Leal CT, Lacativa PG, Gomes EM, Nunes RC, Costa FL, Gandelmann IH, et al. Surgical approach and clinical outcome of a deforming brown tumor at the maxilla in a patient with secondary hyperparathyroidism due to chronic renal failure. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol 2006; 50(5):963-7.
12
Company MM, Ramos R. Giant cell tumor of the sphenoid. Arch Neurol 2009; 66(1):134-5.
13
Somnath S, Sharmila S, Padmini SV, Sudipta P. Giant cell tumor of the maxilla. Philipp J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2012; 27(2):24-27.
14
Venkatesh MD, Vijaya N, Girish N, Galagali JR. Giant cell tumor of temporal bone: A case report. Med J Armed Forces India 2012; 68(4): 392–4.
15
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A Quick Review of the Effects of Chelidonium majus L and Its Active Components on Health and Disease Treatment
Background: Using herbs for the treatment of diseases has a long history. Chelidonium majus from the family of Papaveraceae is one of the best-known and most widely used herbs used in traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to review its active components, as well as its therapeutic and toxic effects on body tissues. Methods: This short overview was done by searching for relevant contents in many databases including: Magiran, Iran medex, IranDoc, SID, Medlib, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar. All articles that met the inclusion criteria were studied and evaluated. Results: The various compounds available in the plant such as: alkaloids, flavonoids, and opioid derivatives, as well as its ability to produce nitric oxide(NO) and tumor necrosis factor(TNF) and its multiple capabilities in affecting the activities of various body tissues in hepatic, renal, neurological, reproductive and hormonal systems have made it a leading plant in the listofmedicinalherbs.The levels of the active compounds in the plants are influenced by location, altitude, ambient temperature and harvest time, a fact which partly justifies the controversial reports on the effects of this extract on body tissues. Conclusion: Because of the multiplicity and diversity of its active ingredients, Chelidonium majus has the potential to be used for the diagnosis, treatment and control of hard to treat diseases (HTDS). However, it is recommended to do more research on its mechanism and its possible adverse effects.
https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_55908_072024cc8bc899999205414910585b02.pdf
2017-09-01
435
447
Chelidonium majus
Thyroid
Diabetes
Hyperlipidemia
Liver
cancer
Saeed
Changizi-Ashtiyani
dr.ashtiyani@arakmu.ac.ir
1
Professor, Department of Physiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Zarei
zareiali47@yahoo.com
2
Physiologist, Department of Physiology, Abadeh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abadeh, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Azam
Rezaei
rezaei@yahoo.com
3
M.Sc. of Physiology, Islamic Azad University of Arsanjan, Arsanjan, Iran
AUTHOR
Majid
Ramezani
m_ramezani@sina.tums.ac.ir
4
Associate Professor, Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 5th floor, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar, Tehran
AUTHOR
Alireza
Tavakol
5
Department of Nursing, School of Nursing Hazrat Zahra (P.B.U.H) Abadeh, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Zarei A, Changizi-Ashtiyani S, Rezaei A, Abdolyousefi N, Ghasemi A. The experimental study of the effect of hydro alcoholic extracts of Chelidonium majus on liver function tests and renal in rats with hypercholesterolemia. JMP. 2013; 4(48):117-25.
1
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5
Miraj S. Ethnobotanical study and pharmacological properties of Chelidonium majus. Der Pharma Chemica, 2016, 8(14):216-22
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7
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9
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15
Zarei A, Changizi-Ashtiyani S, Rezaei A, Sheidaee H, Nabiyoni F. The effect of Chelidonium majus herb extract on the lipid profile and activity of pituitary-gonadal axis in hypercholesterolemic rats. ZJRMS. 2013; 16(10): 18-22.
16
Aqababa H, Mirzaee H, Zarei A, Akbarpour B, Changizi Ashtiyani S. Investigating the Effect of Chelidonium majus Alcoholic Extract on Pituitary-Thyroid in Hypercholesterolemia Male Rats. cmja. 2014; 4 (1) :757-765.[in Persian].
17
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18
Zarei A, Changizi-Ashtiyani S, Rezaei A, Sheidaee H, Nabiyoni F. The Effect of Chelidonium majus extract on the lipid profile and activity of pituitary-gonadal axis in hypercholesterolemic Rats. ZJRMS. 2014:16(10): 18-22.
19
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Changizi-Ashtiyani S, Alizadeh M, Najafi H, Babaei S, Khazaei M, Jafari M, Hossaini N, Avan A, Bastani B. Physalis alkekengi and Alhagi maurorum ameliorate the side effect of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Cancer Gene Ther. 2016; 23(7):235-40.
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50
Yao JY, Zhou ZM, Pan XY, Hao GJ, Li XL, Xu Y, et al. In vivo anthelmintic activity of chelidonine from Chelidonium majus L. against Dactylogyrusintermedius in Carassiusauratus. Parasitol Res. 2011; 109(5):1465-9.
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