Authors
1 B.Sc. in Health Services Management, Shafa Clinical Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
2 Ph.D. Candidate of Medical Education, Research Center for Health Services Management, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Abstract
Background & Aims: Today, an important challenge of the Blood Transfusion Organization is the
preparation, distribution, and monitoring of the appropriate use of blood and blood products. Therefore,
estimation of the prevalence of transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) and efficiency of appropriate
screening methods is essential. The purpose of the present study was the determination of the prevalence of
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV+), hepatitis B virus (HBs+), and hepatitis C virus (HCV+) infections
and the efficiency ofscreening methods.
Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study was performed during the years 2009 to 2013 (a 5-year
period). Tests were performed on blood samples in terms of HIV, HBV, and HCV infections. Information
on the individuals with positive test results was extracted from Blood Transfusion Organization of Kerman
Province, Iran. Then, data (demographic and infections) analysis was conducted using SPSS software and
chi-square test.
Results: Among the 360,722 donors to the Blood Transfusion Organization of Kerman Province within the
5-year period, 1140 patients were found to be HIV, HBs, and HCV positive. Considering the 95%
confidence interval, the prevalence of HIV+, HBs+, and HCV+ were 0.003, 0.200, and 0.080 percent,
respectively. In this study, the highest incidence was observed in patients older than 35 years (51.1%),
married patients (78.2%), men (92.1%), patients without a diploma (47.5%), and first-time donors (93.5%).
Conclusion: The overall prevalence of TTIs among blood donors of Kerman Province was 0.3%. This
indicates that the prevalence of TTIs is very low which highlights accurate screening before donation. It
should also be noted that advanced and up to date tests based on the World Health Organization (WHO)
guidelines also play a pivotal role in this regard. Finally, the healthiest people in terms of donating healthy
blood were regular donors with a prevalence of 2.3%.
Keywords
- Zolfaghari S. Atlas of Blood Transfusion [Online]. [cited 2011 Sep]; Available from: URL:http://www.ibto.ir/_DouranPortal/Documents/Atlas%20final%20jahat%20sayt%2092.8.26_20131120_085637.pdf. [In Persian].
- Schreiber GB, Busch MP, Kleinman SH, Korelitz JJ. The risk of transfusion-transmitted viral infections. The Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study. N Engl J Med 1996; 334(26): 1685-90.
- Ankra-Badu G, Ahmad M, Sowayan S, Bashawri L. Demographic characteristics of seropositive donors in Al-Khobar. Annals of Saudi Medicine 2001; 21(1-2): 113-6.
- Sandler S, Fang C, Williams A. Retroviral infections transmitted by blood transfusion. Yale J Biol Med 1990; 63(5): 353-60.
- Dwyre DM, Fernando LP, Holland PV. Hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV transfusion-transmitted infections in the 21st century. Vox Sang 2011; 100(1): 92-8.
- Allain JP. Genomic screening for blood-borne viruses in transfusion settings. Clin Lab Haematol 2000; 22(1): 1-10.
- World Health Organization. Blood donor selection: guidelines on assessing donor suitability for blood donati. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2012.
- Taheri Azbarmi Z, Nouri S, Joukar F, Jafarshad R, Haajikarimian K, Alinejad S. Transfusion transmitted diseases in Rasht blood donors. Sci J Iran Blood Transfus Organ 2008; 4(5): 337-43. [In Persian].
- Kasraian L, Torab Jahromi S. Prevalence of major transfusion transmitted viral infections (HCV, HBV, HIV) in Shiraz blood donors from 2000 to 2005. Sci J Iran Blood Transfus Organ 2007; 3(5): 373-8. [In Persian].
- Zuck TF. Transfusion-transmitted AIDS reassessed. N Engl J Med 1988; 318(8): 511-2.
- Busch MP, Young MJ, Samson SM, Mosley JW, Ward JW, Perkins HA. Risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission by blood transfusions before the implementation of HIV-1 antibody screening. The Transfusion Safety Study Group. Transfusion 1991; 31(1): 4-11.
- Pillonel J, Le Marrec N, Girault A, David D, Laperche S. [Epidemiological surveillance of blood donors and residual risk of blood-borne infections in France, 2001 to 2003]. Transfus Clin Biol 2005; 12(3): 239-46.
- Nagalo MB, Sanou M, Bisseye C, Kabore MI, Nebie YK, Kienou K, et al. Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses and syphilis among blood donors in Koudougou (Burkina Faso) in 2009. Blood Transfus 2011; 9(4): 419-24.
- Belda Suárez IM, Fernández-Montoya A, Rodríguez Fernández A, López-Berrio A, Cillero-Peñuela M. How regular blood donors explain their behavior. Transfusion 2004; 44(10): 1441-6.
)