Document Type : Original Article
Authors
SRM College of Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a condition marked by elevated blood glucose levels during pregnancy. Management involves dietary modifications, physical activity, and/or medication, depending on the severity of hyperglycemia. The impact of GDM on maternal and fetal outcomes is closely tied to both the severity and duration of high blood sugar. Longer exposure often leads to greater challenges in adhering to prescribed treatment regimens. Both driving and restraining factors influencing GDM management can vary across different population groups. Understanding women’s lived experiences is key to identifying these forces and designing interventions that support optimal glucose control.
Methods: A descriptive-phenomenological design was used to describe and gain insight into the lived experiences of women with GDM, to identify the driving and restraining forces in adhering to treatment regimens. Women with GDM between 38 weeks of gestation and one week postpartum were purposively sampled and interviewed over three months. Colaizzi's method was used for data analysis.
Results: Nineteen women participated, revealing six major themes: 1) Emotional responses to diagnosis, 2) Perceived causes of GDM, 3) Positive life changes post-diagnosis, 4) Driving forces (e.g., baby’s health and family support), 5) Restraining forces (e.g., lack of GDM knowledge, emotional burden, poor support, and stigma), and 6) GDM advocacy.
Conclusion: Key drivers of treatment adherence included concern for the baby's health and supportive families. Restraining forces included inadequate information, emotional strain, dietary conflicts, limited support, and stigma. Tailored, experience-informed interventions are essential for effective GDM management.
Keywords
Main Subjects
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