Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Pathology, Assistant Professor, Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar, MP, India
2 Pathology, Senior Resident, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Government Medical College, Vidhisha, MP. India
3 Pathology, Senior Resident, Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar, MP. India
4 Pathology, Resident, Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar, MP. India
5 Pathology, Associate Professor, Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar, MP, India
Abstract
Background
Leprosy is a disease of great antiquity and was well-recognized in the oldest civilizations of Egypt, China, and India. The first known written information on leprosy appeared in an Egyptian papyrus document written around 1550 BCE. A significant taboo has been associated with the disease and misunderstood as a disease of the cursed and the unfortunate ones or as a genetic disease.
Material and Methods
This is a retrospective and a prospective study. The data consists of approximately 62 cases over the span of 2 years. Non-Probability Sampling/ Convenient Sampling was performed. Modified fite-faraco and ZN staining was done for identifying the lepra bacilli.
Results
Out of 62 cases, 34 were male and 28 were female. Lepromatous leprosy is more prevalent in males and borderline lepromatous leprosy is more prevalent among females. The 31-40 years age group was the most commonly affected. The incidence of various types of leprosy was as follows: Borderline Lepromatous (BL) leprosy (35.48%) followed by Borderline Tuberculoid (BT) leprosy (27.42%), Lepromatous leprosy (LL) (22.58%) and Tuberculoid leprosy (TL) (12.90%). Macule and plaque were the most common clinical presentations associated with BL and LL respectively.
Conclusion
The most common clinical presentation of leprosy is an anesthetic hypopigmented lesion. Modified Fite-Faraco stain is the choice of staining as it has a higher rate of identifying the bacilli in comparison to the ZN stain. More research needs to be put in for an expedited and swifter modality of investigation for identifying the bacilli.
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