Kerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences1023-951024220170301Prevalence of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (A1AT) Deficiency among Patients with COPD in Kerman, Iran10311046770ENMitraSamareh FekriAssociate Professor of Pulmonology‚ Cardiovascular Research Center‚ Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences‚ Kerman University of Medical Sciences‚ Kerman‚ Iran0000-0001-8794-9881Sayed MehdiHashemi BajganiAssistant Professor of Pulmonology‚ Afzalipour Hospital Research Center‚ Kerman University of Medical Sciences‚ Kerman‚ IranNasrollahJamshidi GohariGeneral Medicine‚ Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical PhysiologySciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran0000-0001-9181-8278NasrinBazargan HarandiAssistant Professor of Pediatric Asthma and Allergy and Immunology‚ Afzalipour Hospital Research Center‚ Kerman University of Medical Sciences‚ Kerman‚ IranMohammadRahmatianVice Chancellor for Treatment‚ Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranJournal Article20160519<strong>Background:</strong> One of the genetic risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is deficiency of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (A1AT). There is no exact statistics about the prevalence of this disease in different regions of Iran. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of alpha-1 antitrypsin (A1AT) deficiency in COPD patients in Kerman, Iran.<br /> <strong>Methods:</strong> In the present study, the serum level of AAT in 294 COPD patients visited in the pulmonary clinic center in Kerman, Iran was measured. The diagnosis of COPD was confirmed through history taking and Spirometry before and after using Bronchodilator. Data analysis was done by using t-test and Chi-square test.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> Among294 studied patients, 223 individuals (75.9%) were male. None of the patients had absolute deficiency of A1AT, and only13 patients (4.4%) had a relative deficiency of A1AT. There was a statistically significant relationship between relative deficiency of A1AT and the severity of COPD in a way that in most of the cases, relative deficiency of this enzyme was associated with severe and very severe airway obstruction.<br /> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Based on the results of the present study and other similar studies in Iran, absolute and relative deficiency of A1AT in Iran has less frequency compared to other regions of the world and other factors such as cigarette smoking, opium addiction and consumption of fossil fuels have a more significant role in the prevalence of COPD in Iran.https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_46770_e2ab61e3246768720dc41898131b2613.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences1023-951024220170301The Relationship of gravidity with the Frequency of Removed Lymph Nodes in Mastectomy and Involved Lymph Nodes after the Surgery in Women with Breast Cancer11111746773ENMortezaHashemianAssistant Professor, Research Center for Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranMohammad RezaAflatoonianAssistant Professor, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, IranBehnazAflatoonianResearcher, Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranMohammad EsmaeilAkbariProfessor of Endocrine surgery, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, IranJournal Article20161228<strong>Abstract</strong><br /> <br /> <strong>Background:</strong> Breast cancer is the most common fatal cancer among women worldwide and it has an increasing rate in Iranian women. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of gravidity with removed lymph nodes and involved lymph nodes after mastectomy surgery in women with breast cancer.<br /> <strong>Methods:</strong> In this descriptive-analytical study, 111 women with breast cancer, who had undergone mastectomy surgery, were studied. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients were extracted from their medical files and recorded in a questionnaire. Data were analyzed through SPSS 22 and by using descriptive statistics, ratios differences, mean differences and linear regression.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> Mean age of patients was 49.8± 10.9 years and mean BMI was 27.4 ± 5.4 Kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Mean number of removed lymph nodes was 7.8 ± 5.2 and in 50% of the patients, mean number of involved lymph nodes after the surgery was 4.2 ± 3.5. The disease was significantly more prevalent among those who were employed, married, had academic education, and aged over 45 years. According to Linear regression model, each 1.06 year age increase was significantly associated with one more removed lymph node and each gravidity increase was associated with one less removed lymph node and approximately two more involved lymph nodes after the surgery.<br /> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The results showed that age and gravidity are the most effective factors in the development of lymphadenopathy, especially in increasing the involved lymph nodes after the surgery. Therefore, enhancing the awareness of women about appropriate screening methods for early detection of breast cancer and regular check-ups after surgery is essential to reduce the probable problems.<br /> https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_46773_2c478a8ee54a49a8341f1538ed51e495.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences1023-951024220170301Phacotrabeculectomy and Implantation of Intraocular Lenses with Releasable Sutures and Antimetabolite Agents: Efficacy and Safety11812446774ENAliSharifiAssociate Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran0000-0003-0713-088XAzadehKazemipoorGeneral Practitioner, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranHamidSharifiAssociate Professor, HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Future Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran0000-0002-9008-7618Journal Article20160903<strong>Abstract</strong><br /> <br /> <strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of phacoemulsification and the implantation of intraocular lenses (IOL) combined with trabeculectomy supplemented by releasable sutures and antimetabolite agents.<br /> <strong>Methods:</strong>Phacotrabeculectomy was performed in 36 eyes of 30 patients who hadmedically uncontrolled Intraocular pressure (IOP) or were nonreliable for medical therapy and had significant cataract, or had low Visual Activity (VA) due to cataract and simultaneous uncontrolled or medically controlled IOP with at least 2 medications. Mitomycin C (0.02%) for 1-3 minutes was applied in all cases. Scleral flap was sutured with permanent (loose) and releasable (tight) 10-0 nylon sutures. The releasable sutures were removed in the first to third postoperativeweeksif IOP was more than 12mmHg. If bleb was vascularized or flat, and IOP was high or borderline (>16mmHg), 5FU was injected subconjunctivally 1-3 weeks after the surgery. If postoperative IOP was more than target pressure, antiglaucoma medications were used.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong>Eight eyes (22.2%) required releasable suture removal. Mean preoperative IOP was 28.4±9.4 (12-52) mmHg. Totally, 33 eyes (91.7%) had primary open angle glaucoma, two eyes (5.5%) had posttraumatic glaucoma and one eye (2.8%) had exfoliative glaucoma (XFG). Mean postoperative final IOP was 12.1±3.9 (5-22) mmHg (p <0.0001). Preoperative VA was 0.5mCF (log Mar=2) to 20/200 (log Mar=1). Mean VA was 3mC.F (Log Mar=1.3±0.4). Postoperative VA was 20/200 (log Mar=1) to 20/20 (log Mar=0) and mean postoperative VA was 20/60 (log Mar=0.57±0.46) (p <0.0001). Mean number of required medications to control IOP was 2.58±0.09 (2-4) preoperatively and 0.58±0.15 (0-3) postoperatively (p <0.0001). Early postoperative complications were flat anterior chamber in 3 eyes (8.3%), postoperative uveitis in 3 eyes (8.3%) leakage in 3 eyes (8.3%) and choroidal effusion in 1 eye (2.8%).<br /> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>It seems, this method is an effective and safe procedure for patients with coexisting cataract and glaucoma.https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_46774_8d68e1f0045f2d8b68c5ab19b2497a0f.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences1023-951024220170301The Relationship of Uterine Artery Doppler Velocimetry Findings and Hemoglobin Concentration with Pregnancy Outcomes in Pre-eclampsia12513146776ENFatemehMirzaieAssociate Professor, Department of Ob. & Gyn., Afzalipoor School of Medicine & Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranHajarVatankhahGynecologist, Department of Ob. & Gyn, NikNafs Hospital , Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan , IranPeymanArastehStudent Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranJournal Article20160404<strong>Abstract</strong><br /> <br /> <strong>Background:</strong> Epidemiologic studies have shown the relationship of maternal hemoglobin level and abnormal findings in uterine Doppler sonography with pregnancy- related complications. In this study, we evaluated the relationship of uterine artery Doppler velocimetry findings and hemoglobin level with the outcomes of pregnancy in women with preeclampsia and healthy women.<br /> <strong>Methods:</strong> In this prospective study performed from September 2013 to September 2014, 50 patients with Preeclampsia in the third trimester (more than 28 weeks) referred to Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman/ Iran and 50 healthy pregnant women who attended the perinatology clinic for prenatal care, were randomly selected. The results of uterine artery Doppler, hemoglobin concentration and outcome of pregnancy were compared between the two groups.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong>Twenty nine patients (51%) with preeclampsia and 17 patients (34%) in the control group had abnormal Doppler findings. In both groups, birth weight was lower in women with abnormal Dopller findings compared to the women who had normal sonography findings (p=0.024 and p=0.008, respectively); furthermore, in both groups, gestational age at birth time was lower in women with abnormal sonography findings (p=0.044 and p=0.012, respectively). The average hemoglobin concentration was not statistically different between the two groups and abnormal Doppler findings showed no significant relationship with the mean concentration of hemoglobin in none of the two groups.<br /> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed that abnormal findings in Doppler of the uterine artery are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as low birth weight and premature births and the coexistence of preeclampsia is associated with worse pregnancy outcomes.<br /> https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_46776_d2fbc68b23f63c85c49f8459250f6e7c.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences1023-951024220170301The Effects of Rosa canina Fruit Hydro alcoholic Extract on Oxidative Stress, Total Antioxidant Capacity and Haematological Parameters in Diabetic Mice13214046778ENFreshtehRahimiInstructor, Department of Biological Sciences, Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid, Tabriz, IranSaeedSadigh-EteghadAssistant Professor, Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranAlirezaDehnadAssociate Professor, Biotechnology Department, East Azerbaijan Research and Education Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources, AREEO, Tabriz, IranJavadMahmoudiAssistant Professor, Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranLailaBaradaranInstructor, Department of Biological Sciences, Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid, Tabriz, IranJournal Article20160612<strong>Abstract</strong><br /> <br /> <strong>Background:</strong> Diabetes is a metabolic disorder with adverse effects on haematological parameters level, oxidative stress and antioxidant defence system. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Rosa canina (RC) fruit hydro alcoholic extract on oxidative stress, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and haematological parameters in diabetic mice.<br /> <strong>Method:</strong> In this study, 96 mice were randomly divided into the four groups (n=24). The control and diabetic groups received normal saline (p.o., 0.2 ml). Also, RC and treatment (diabetes+RC) groups received RC hydro alcoholic extract (p.o., 500 mg/kg). Diabetes was induced by a single dose of streptozotocin (i.p., 200 mg/kg).The study parameters were evaluated on day 10, 20, and 30 after the initiation of experiments.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> In the second and third sampling days, WBCs, lymphocytes, haemoglobin, RBC, MCV, MCHC, platelets, TAC and weight had a significant reduction (p <0.01) in the diabetic group in comparison to the control group. However, granulocytes, RDW, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glucose in the diabetic group significantly increased compared with the control group (p <0.01). Administration of the extract in the diabetic group significantly increased hemoglobin, MCV, MCHC, platelets, RBC, serum TAC and resulted in significant reduction in RDW and MDA levels in comparison to normal saline received diabetic animals (p <0.01).<br /> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Based on our results, RC fruit extract has a regulatory role in controlling oxidative stress, serum TAC and hematologic factors in mice model of diabetes.https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_46778_afc945fe860a5d29065840d3357ef8c4.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences1023-951024220170301Anatomical Evaluation of Renal Arteries and Veins in Kidney Donors by CT Angiography14114646781ENMohammadSabaAssistant Professor of Radiology, Department of Radiology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranHossein AliEbrahimi MeimandProfessor of Neurology, Neurology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran0000-0001-6088-6120AliShahrabiResident of Radiology, Department of Radiology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, iranAazamDehghaniMaster of Biostatistics, kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranJournal Article20160404<strong>Abstract</strong><br /><br /><strong>Background:</strong> Renal transplantation (RT) is the transplantation of a kidney into a patient with end-stage renal disease and has become the treatment of choice for most patients with end-stage renal disease. The knowledge of renal vascular variations is of a great importance for the surgeons who approach the kidneys from the retroperitoneal or laparoscopic route for renal transplants. The aim of this study was to detect renal vascular variations of kidney donors in Kerman by using CT angiogram.<br /><strong>Methods:</strong> This cross-sectional study examined the CT angiograms of all kidney donors referred to the Radiology Ward of Shafa Medical center affiliated to Kerman University of Medical Sciences from 2010 to 2012.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> The results of CT angiograms of 344 kidney donors were as follow: Right Renal Arteries: 236 cases with one artery; 97 cases with two arteries; 9 cases with three arteries; and one case with four arteries Left Renal Arteries: 225 cases with one artery; 103 cases with two arteries; and 16 cases with three arteries Right Renal Veins: 277 cases with one vein and 12 cases with two veins Left Renal Veins: 279 cases with one vein and 10 cases with two veins.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> There is no significant difference between our results and those of previous studies. In more than 30% of cases, our findings were associated with other incidental findings.<br /> https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_46781_c3d160f9b6bc2caaf8350561cd1e7a3d.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences1023-951024220170301Photocatalytic removal of o-chlorophenol by Using a Mixture of Modified Fly Ash and TiO2 Nanoparticles14715846783ENMohammadMalakootianProfessor, Environmental Health Engineering Research Center & Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranAlirezaMesdaghiniaProfessor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health & Water Quality Research Centre, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranShimaRezaeiMSc, Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, IranJournal Article20160406<strong>Abstract</strong><br /> <br /> <strong>Background:</strong> Photocatalytic process is used as a suitable method for o-chlorophenol removal. In this study, the efficiency of a mixture of modified fly ash and TiO2 nanoparticles in photocatalytic removal of o-chlorophenol was evaluated.<br /> <strong>Methods:</strong> After acid washing of fly ash, the absorbent was oxidized with potassium permanganate. Then, the substrate mixture of modified fly ash and TiO2 nanoparticles was used for photocatalytic decomposition of o-chlorophenol.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> The percentage of carbon increased from 77.94% to 86.52% after acid washing of fly ash and absorption efficiency increased from 58.8% up to 83.3%. During the oxidation of acid washed fly ash, absorption efficiency reached to 93.27%. Photocatalytic removal efficiency of o-chlorophenol by mixture of modified fly ash and TiO2 increased to 98.9%. Photocatalytic removal efficiency of o-chlorophenol by TiO2/UV and without use of fly ash was 78.7%.<br /> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Industrial application of this method recommended because of the simple modification, high efficiency removal and prevention of environment pollution.<br /> https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_46783_a9c33433c10748fdb0c14b0682667374.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences1023-951024220170301The Relationship between Hepatitis C Genotypes and Viral Load: a study on hepatitis C patients in Kerman, Iran using Real-time PCR15916546784ENFaridehDoostanAssistant Professor, Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences & Department of Nutrition, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranMarziye JahanshahiJahanshahiMSc. Student, Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, IranFaridaHassanzadehBSc. in Molecular and Cellular Biology-Genetic, Dr. Bazrafshani Medical Genetic Lab, Kerman, IranMohammadrezaBazrafshaniAssistant Professor, Department of Medical Genetics, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranJournal Article20160802<strong>Abstract</strong><br /> <br /> <strong>Background:</strong> Distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes varies geographically and can be associated with clinical aspects. The virus has six major genotypes and eleven sub-genotypes. According to the recent studies, in hepatitis C patients, treatment duration and ribavirin dosage should be determined based on the type of virus genotype. Because of contradictory results reported in different countries and races, the present study aimed to determine the genotype of hepatitis C and its relationship with viral load in HCV patients in Kerman, Iran.<br /> <strong>Methods:</strong> The study included 106 patients with hepatitis C referred to Dr. Bazrafshani Medical Genetic Lab. in Kerman. Patients’ blood plasma was collected and used for virus genotyping and viral load determination by Real-Time PCR technique.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> From 106 studied patients, 82 ones were male (77.4%) and 24 ones were female (22.6%). Most frequent genotypes were respectively genotype 3 (55.7%) and genotype 1(44.3%). Viral load in genotype1 was greater than that in genotype 3 (P=0.011).<br /> <strong>Conclusions:</strong> In this study, the predominant genotype was genotype 3. Therefore, treatment strategies should go towards type 3 virus. On the other hand, copy number of genotype 1virus was higher than that of type 3 that should be considered very important in determining the treatment duration in HCV patients.<br /> https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_46784_362447ac053a07405f8169ebe519dd72.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences1023-951024220170301Nanoparticles of copper and copper oxides: Synthesis and Determination of antibacterial activity16617046786ENHosseinHeliAssistant Professor, Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranGolamhosseinTondroAssistant Professor, Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranNaghmehSattar AhmadyDepartment of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranRezvanDehdari VaisAssistant Professor, Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranHamedVeisiKahrehDepartment of Nanomedicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranJournal Article20170121<strong>Abstract</strong><br /> <br /> In the present study, nanoparticles of copper and copper oxides were synthesized and their antibacterial activity was evaluated and compared with silver nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were synthesized using facile chemical reactions, and then characterized using field emission scanning microscopy. The nanoparticles were stable for at least two weeks. The antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>, <em>Enterococcusfaecalis </em>and <em>Escherichia coli </em>was investigated based on inhibition zone in disk diffusion assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of the nanoparticles were also reported. Antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles showed better inhibitory activity against gram positive bacteria.<br /> https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_46786_b2f86f368c59572e4ed85c92815451cd.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences1023-951024220170301Abutment fracture and the technique Used to Remove the fracture portion of the Abutmet: Case Report17117646789ENSinaSafariAssistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranAliEskandarizadeAssociate professor, kerman Oral Diseases Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranFereshtehSadeghPostgraduate Student, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranFereshtehHoseini GhavamPostgraduate Student, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranMaryamHejaziPostgraduate Student, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranJournal Article20160901<strong>Abstract</strong><br /> <br /> This clinical report presents a case of abutment fracture, due to occlusal overload, occurred with an implant-supported restoration on right mandibular first molar of a female patient. After 6 months of prosthetic reconstruction implants, the patient returned to the clinic due to the loss of implant crown. The fractured fragment of the abutment with the screw protective cotton had remained within the crown of the first molar. A periapical radiograph was taken, which revealed that the base portion of the abutment had remained within the internal hex of the fixture. After removing the abutment screw, the base portion of the fractured abutment did not move due to the close connection and the presence of Morse taper. After applying the methods explained in previous studies, an ultrasonic tip was used counterclockwise to remove the base segment of the implant. The fractured segment of the implant was removed without destroying the implant. Various factors are responsible for the fracture of abutments, including excessive occlusal forces, implant position, implant diameter, inadequate prosthetic adjustment, prosthesis design, metal fatigue, manufacturing defects and galvanic activity. This paper explains the reasons for abutment fractures and a novel technique used to remove the fractured portion.<br /> https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_46789_068e9c374ca335459739420c13294825.pdf