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Haplotype Analysis of RAGE Gene Polymorphisms and Association with Increased Risk of Diabetic Nephropathy

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran

2 Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

3 Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran

4 Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran

5 Midland Memorial Hospital 400 Rosalind Redfern Grover Pkwy, Midland, TX 79701, USA

6 Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran & Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran

Abstract

Background: The present study aimed at evaluating the association between the -429T/C and -374T/A polymorphisms of RAGE (Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products) gene promoter and diabetic nephropathy as well as examining its possible application as candidate markers of diabetic nephropathy among the population of Qazvin, Iran.
Methods: In this study, the diabetic patients were divided into the two groups of with or without nephropathy. The frequency of genotype and allele were determined using TETRA-Primer ARMS-PCR. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test and correlation of polymorphisms, odds ratio (OR), and FAMHAP software were used for haplotype analysis.
Results: Based on our data, the CC genotype of -429T/C polymorphism may play a protective role against the development of nephropathy (OR=0.586, 95%; CI: 0.158-2.167) while, the AA genotype may be associated with increased risk of the disease (OR=1.889, 95%; CI: 0.454-7.854). Allele’s analysis revealed that the C allele of -429T/C polymorphism maybe protective against the appearance of nephropathy (OR=0.794, 95%; CI: 0.48-1.314) whereas, the A allele may be related to increased risk for nephropathy (OR=1.452, 95%; CI: 0.783-2.695). Haplotype analysis demonstrated that there was no significant correlation between the two -429T/C and -374T/A SNPs (χ2=5.125, p value=0.135). However, it was found that the CA haplotype may have a protective effect against the development of nephropathy (OR=0.48, 95%; CI: 0.14-1.64) while, the TA haplotype may increase the risk of the disease (OR=2.06, 95%; CI:1.01-4.23).
Conclusion: Overall, no correlation between the -374T/A and -429T/C polymorphisms and the haplotypes in RAGE gene and the occurrence of diabetic nephropathy, was established.

Keywords

References
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Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences
Volume 29, Issue 1
January and February 2022
Pages 50-59
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