@article { author = {Rad, Iman and Farsinejad, Alireza and Edalatmanesh, Mohammad-Amin}, title = {Differentiation of Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Insulin Producing Cells Using Minimal Differentiation Factors}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {22}, number = {4}, pages = {328-340}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background & Aims: Type 1 diabetes, or insulin-dependent diabetes, is an autoimmune disease in which pancreatic beta cells are destroyed by the immune system. Hitherto, no definite treatment has been found for this condition. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent, self-renewing cells that have the ability to differentiate into mesodermal tissues. This ability has attracted the attention of researchers toward MSCs as therapeutic agents. The aim of this study was to inspect the in vitro differentiation of human adipose-derived tissue stem cells (hADSCs) into insulin producing cells (IPCs) using minimal differentiation factors to provide a source of cells for the purpose of diabetic cell therapy. Methods: The hADSCs were obtained from liposuction aspirates and induced to differentiate into IPCs under a two-stage protocol. In the pre-induction stage, a combination of low-glucose DMEM medium, 20% (FBS), β-mercaptoethanol, and nicotinamide, and in the induction stage, high-glucose DMEM, β- mercaptoethanol, and nicotinamide without FBS was used. Differentiation was evaluated through morphological analysis, dithizone (DTZ) staining, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR). In order to evaluate the performance of differentiated cells, insulin production level was measured. Results: Morphological changes were observed using an inverted microscope at the end of the differentiation stage. Based on dithizone staining, differentiated cells were positive. Furthermore, RT-PCR confirmed the expression of insulin, pancreatic duodenal homeobox (PDX-1), paired box gene 4 (PAX-4), and glucose transporter type 2 (GLUT2) in differentiated cells. Moreover, insulin production by the IPCs was confirmed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Conclusion: It can be concluded that hADSCs can differentiate into IPCs using minimal differentiation factors.}, keywords = {Diabetes,Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs),Adipose tissue,insulin}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16085.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16085_33ba8bff40a2bc26ffd69b73fa920a2f.pdf} } @article { author = {Sedaghat, Reza and Roghani, Mehrdad and Jalili, Somaye}, title = {Neuroprotective Effect of Oral Administration of Creatine against 6-Hydroxydopamine Toxicity in Experimental Model of Parkinson's Disease}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {22}, number = {4}, pages = {341-354}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background & Aims: With regard to the neuroprotective effect of creatine in some neurological disorders like cerebral ischemia, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of creatine in an experimental model of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Involvement of oxidative stress was also assessed. Methods: In this experimental study, male rats (n = 40) were divided into 5 groups, i.e. sham-operated (SH), high dose creatine-treated sham-operated (Cr+SH), lesioned (L), and low- and high-dose creatine-treated lesioned (Cr100+L and Cr200+L) groups. The hemi-PD early model was induced by unilateral intrastriatal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA, 12.5 µg/5 µl of saline-ascorbate; left side). The Cr+SH and Cr+L groups were pretreated by creatine at doses of 100 and/or 200 mg/kg per day before surgery two times at an interval of 24 hours. Finally, the animals were tested for rotational behavior by apomorphine and the number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNC) was counted. Level of malondialdehyde (MDA), as a marker of oxidative stress, was also evaluated in midbrain homogenate. Results:, Apomorphine caused a significant contralateral turning (P < 0.001) in 6-OHDA-lesioned group and a reduction in the number of neurons on the left side of the SNC in the L group was observed in comparison with SH group (P < 0.010) 2 weeks after surgery. Creatine pretreatment caused dose-dependent decrease the rotational behavior in lesioned rats (P < 0.050 and P < 0.010), and at a dose of 200 mg/kg significantly attenuated the reduction in the number of SNC neurons (P < 0.050). Creatine treatment of lesion groups also lowered MDA level at both doses (P < 0.050). Conclusion: Oral creatine pretreatment exhibits neuroprotective effects against 6-OHDA toxicity in an experimental model of PD, as was shown by a lower rotational behavior and attenuation of neuronal loss. Its effect is partly due to the attenuation of oxidative stress.}, keywords = {Creatine,Parkinson’s disease,6-hydroxydopamine,Rotational behavior,oxidative stress}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16086.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16086_f900c5bae38fec89b822ee029722f7d7.pdf} } @article { author = {Afarinesh, Mohammad-Reza and Behzadi, Gila}, title = {Specific and Non-Specific Thalamocortical Afferents to the Whisker–Related Sensory Cortical Region in Rats with Congenital Hypothyroidism}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {22}, number = {4}, pages = {355-369}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background & Aims: Thyroid hormones are of great importance in the development of the central nervous system. Congenital hypothyroidism may affect the reorganization of specific and non-specific thalamocortical afferents to whisker–related sensory (wS1) corticol region in rats. Methods: Congenital hypothyroidism was induced by adding propylthiouracil (PTU) (25 ppm) to the rats’ drinking water from embryonic day 16 to postnatal day 60. Pregnant rats were divided into normal and congenital hypothyroidism groups. Wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) was injected into wS1 cortical area as tracer. Results: Following tracer injection, retrogradely labeled neurons were observed in the thalamic specific relay nuclus including ventral posterior medial (VPM), and in the nonspecific thalamic nuclei including centrolatral (CL), centromedial (CM), ventromedial (VM), posteromedial (PO), and reunion (Re). The number of VPM and PO labeled neurons significantly reduced in the congenital hypothyroidim group compared to the normal group (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, recpectively). No significant difference was observed between the hypothyroidism group and control group in terms of the number of labeled projection neurons in CL, CM, VM, and Re nuclei. Conclusion: The present study showed that congenital hypothyroidism alters the thalamocortical projection pattern from VPM and PO thalamic nuclei to barrel cortex}, keywords = {Congenital hypothyroidism,Barrel cortex,Whisker,Thalamocortical afferents}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16087.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16087_4f6d7c0a2aaacfc58363b2a89515c495.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghasemi-Dehkordi, Payam and Allahbakhshian-Farsani, Mehdi and Abdian, Narges and Jafari-Ghahfarokhi, Hamideh and Saffari-Chaleshtori, Javad and Sadeghiani, Marzieh and Mirzaeian, Amin and Hashemzadeh-Chaleshtori, Morteza}, title = {A Study of Cytogenetic Stability of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Karyotyping and Comet Assay Techniques}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {22}, number = {4}, pages = {370-384}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background & Aims: Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have the capability to undergo unlimited selfrenewal and differentiation into all cell types in the body. These cells are artificially derived from a nonpluripotent cell, typically human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). The study of cytogenetic stability of these cells, in order to use iPS cells and apply studies in therapeutic applications, is essential. Methods: In the present experimental study, HDFs were isolated and cultured from human foreskin samples. The cytogenetic stability of these cells was evaluated in early passages (1-3) of HDFs using karyotype test and alkaline comet assay technique. The HDF cells treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was used as a positive control for alkaline comet assay. The iPS cells with low passage (4-7) derived from reprogrammed HDFs were cultured on mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) feeder layer and cytogenetic stability of these cells were evaluated in early passages using karyotype test and alkaline comet assay technique. Results: The iPS cells in early passages (4-7) had normal karyotype (46, XY) and DNA damage and comet were not observed in these cells. In addition, HDF cells showed normal karyotype in early passages (1-3), but using comet assay, abnormality and DNA damages were observed in positive control (HDFs treated with H2O2). The comparison of alkaline comet assay parameters of iPS and HDF cells with positive control group showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Since the comet assay is a sensitive technique for finding DNA damage, it is best if cytogenetic stability of these cells were evaluated before performing functional experiments on iPS cells. Therefore, for the precise evaluation of DNA damage and cytogenetic stability of iPS cells, the two techniques could complement each other}, keywords = {Induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSC),Human dermal fibroblasts (HDF),Karyotype test,comet assay}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16088.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16088_46973f83f884d77cea2d4ddcc53a2008.pdf} } @article { author = {Sadeghifar, Amir Reza and Zandrahimi, Farshad and Ahmadzadeh Heshmati, Afshin}, title = {Comparison of Acute Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation Treatment by Screw Fixation with and without Ligament Reconstruction}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {22}, number = {4}, pages = {385-393}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background & Aims: Acute acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocation is common in shoulder injuries. Considering the biomechanics of this joint, the use of a treatment method, which can restore joint physiology and biomechanics to the extent possible, is important. This study aimed to compare the treatment of acute AC joint dislocation by screw fixation with and without ligament reconstruction. Methods: In the present study, 28 patients with AC joint dislocation type 4, 5, and 6, were randomly treated with either coracoclavicular screw fixation with ligamentous reconstruction or screw fixation without ligament reconstruction. Screws were removed after 8 weeks. The follow-up period lasted for 2 months. The simple shoulder test (SST), disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) score, and the University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) shoulder scale were conducted using specific questionnaires. Results: Based on the SST, mean shoulder function was better in the ligament reconstruction group compared to the group without ligament reconstruction (P = 0.028). The result of the UCLA shoulder scale indicate a significantly better returning to original and natural function of the AC joint in the ligament reconstruction group than the other group (P = 0.012). DASH score indicated a significantly lower disability rate in the group that underwent ligament reconstruction than the other group (P = 0.001). Conclusion: The results suggest that ligament reconstruction in the Ac joint significantly increases the rate of returning to normal function, joint stability, and normal joint physiology.}, keywords = {Ligamentous reconstruction,Acromioclavicular,dislocation}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16089.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16089_7f0d6f0e81dc78253953fde1266c59b4.pdf} } @article { author = {Masoumi, Hossein and Mokhtari-Dizaji, Manijeh and Arbabi, Azim and Bakhshandeh, Mohsen}, title = {The Ability of Ultrasonic Characterization to Extract the Dose Distribution of MAGIC-f Polymer Gel}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {22}, number = {4}, pages = {394-409}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background & Aims: Today, different imaging techniques have been studied in the reading of radiationsensitive polymer gels dosage. Due to limitations of imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT), ultrasound techniques are proposed for dose-dependent parameter extraction. In this study, using MAGIC-f (methacrylic and ascorbic acid in gelatin initiated by copper with added formaldehyde) polymer gel and megavoltage radiation energy, the dose-dependent parameters of speed of sound and broadband ultrasonic attenuation (BUA) were evaluated. Methods: MAGIC-f polymer gel was irradiated with 1.25 MeV of Cobalt-60 and received a uniform dose in the range of 0 to 60 Gy in 2 Gy steps (2% accuracy). After calibration of ultrasound system with 500 kHz frequency, the parameters of speed of sound and BUA coefficient of exposed polymer gel samples were measured. Based on the dose-response curve, the ability of the ultrasound parameters in reading the absorbed dose was investigated. To evaluate the reasonable time interval with the most sensitive reading of the ultrasound method, samples were studied 3, 24, 36, and 48 hours after irradiation. To study the temperature readings, the gel samples irradiated at 5, 15, and 25 °C were studied. Results: The relationship of variation of speed of sound and attenuation coefficient and quality index (QI) with absorbed dose 3, 24, 36, and 48 hours after irradiation of gels are shown with a fourth-order polynomial fit. The results show that ultrasonic parameters have higher sensitivity 24 hours after irradiation. The sensitivity of dose-speed of sound and attenuation curve were 50 cm/s and 0.06 dB/MHz/Gy based on each Gy in the linear range of 4-44 Gy. Ultrasonic parameters were measured in the gel samples at 5, 15, and 25 ºC after 0-60 Gy irradiation in 2 Gy steps to determine the sensitivity of the ultrasonic properties to temperature. The measurements show that readings at 25 °C have a higher sensitivity than that at 5 and 15 °C. Thus, with an increase of 20 °C, the speed of sound increased 28 and 66 m/s before irradiation and with 60 Gy absorbed dose, respectively. Moreover, the attenuation coefficient decreased 2.50 dB/MHz before irradiation and increased 2.70 dB/MHz with 60 Gy absorbed dose. Conclusion: Acoustic properties of MAGIC-f gel, determined by measurements of speed of sound and ultrasonic broadband attenuation, indicate the ability of this technique in reading of absorbed dose. Maximum sensitivity of reading time and temperature of MAGIC-f gel were 24 hours after irradiation and 25 °C, respectively}, keywords = {Polymer gel,MAGIC-f,Radiation dosimetry,Speed of sound,Attenuation coefficient}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16090.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16090_9d81baaacefd076e53f895fe205ab9cc.pdf} } @article { author = {Badiei, Parisa and Hadadi, Pedram and Zareifar, Soheila and Jafarian, Hadis}, title = {Prevalence of Fungal Infections in Children with Hematologic Disorders and Determination of Anti-Fungal Susceptibility in Isolated Species}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {22}, number = {4}, pages = {410-423}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background & Aims: Fungal infections are among the most common life threatening conditions in patients with hematologic malignancies. The present study was carried out on children hospitalized in Amir Oncology Hospital of Shiraz, Iran, in order to determine the prevalence of fungal infections and respective susceptibility patterns to prophylactic antifungal therapies. Methods: Colonization was investigated in patients and the samples from patients with suspected infections were cultured. Mold fungal species were determined using lacto phenol cotton blue smear and yeasts through germ tube test, and sugar fermentation was performed through analytical profile index (API) method. In addition, broth microdilution technique was used to determine susceptibility. Results: Based on the results, 46.8% of all patients (196 patients) were colonized with Candida spp. As revealed, 14 oral candidiasis cases were detected with Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, and Candida krusieas the respective etiologic agents. In addition, there were 10 proven, 13 probable, and 13 possible cases of fungal infection. The etiologic fungal agents included Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., Mucor, Fusarium, and Alternaria. Conclusion: Considering the prevalence rates of fungal infections and susceptibility patterns of pathogenic fungi isolated from the patients in the region, the prevention and treatment of systemic fungal diseases is facilitated.}, keywords = {Pediatric hematologic disorders,Fungal infections,Aspergillus,Fusarium,Fungal colonization}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16091.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16091_2085e2f0deb8270776b198ff5b13b3a5.pdf} } @article { author = {Khosropour, Farshid and Mokhtari, Maryam and Ebrahiminegad, Gholam reza}, title = {The Relationship of Perfectionism Dimensions and Personality Type with Migraine}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {22}, number = {4}, pages = {424-432}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background & Aims: Migraine is a common clinical and chronic disorder. The rate of psychological problems is high among these patients. This study examined the relationship of perfectionism dimensions and personality type with migraine headaches. Methods: This was correlational study on 68 patients referring to neurologists in the city of Kerman, Iran. Participants responded to personality type and intensity of headache questionnaires and multidimensional perfectionism scale (MPS). Data were analyzed using regression analysis. Results: A significant correlation was found between type A personality and dimensions of perfectionism, and migraine. Moreover, type A personality and community-oriented and self-oriented perfectionism are predictors of migraine, but other-oriented perfectionism is not a predictor of migraine. Conclusion: The results of this research showed that personality characteristics, especially type A that is associated with a kind of pressure and time urgency, and perfectionism of patients with migraine should be considered in any treatment.}, keywords = {Perfectionism,Personality type,Migraine headaches}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16092.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16092_c7251748966e4cf1164e3385a7ffd1ad.pdf} } @article { author = {Saba, Mohammad and Ebrahimi, Hossein-Ali and Ahmadipour, Habibeh and Taziki, Mohammad-Ali}, title = {Evaluation of Incidental Findings on Lumbosacral MRI in Patients with Low Back Pain}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {22}, number = {4}, pages = {433-439}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background & Aims: Low back pain is one of the most common problems and a symptom-related reason for visits to a physician, and one of the important causes of disability. It may also impose great costs on the individual and the health system. Most patients with back pain will recover within 4 to 6 weeks. One of the best paraclinical diagnostic methods is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which may result in incidental findings of great importance to the patient. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all cases in which lumbosacral MRI was performed due to back pain were investigated in terms of incidental findings. Results: The MR images of 854 patients in 2012 were studied. Among these patients, 40.3% (344) were male and 59.7% (510) were female. Mean age of patients was 43.05 years with median of 42 years. The incidental findings were observed in 29.7% (254) of cases who had no clinical symptoms and were not investigated by the physician. Abnormal incidental findings were observed in 9.5% (81) of male and 20.2% (173) of female patients; this difference was significant (P = 0.001). The prevalence of incidental findings was significantly higher in men of above 42 years of age (P = 0.001), but this difference was not significant in female patients (P = 0.513). In total, the prevalence of incidental findings was higher in ages above 42 (P = 0.004). The most prevalent incidental findings were, respectively, renal cysts (11.5%), retroflection of uterus (5.7%), and ovarian cyst (4.3%). Life threatening findings were aortic disorders (n=11, 11.3 %) and important lesions (n=28, 3.3%) requiring investigation. Conclusion: Incidental findings in MRI are important and since they might be the origin of pain or health threatening, require further evaluation.}, keywords = {Incidental findings,Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),Lumbosacral,Low back pain}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16093.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16093_db67ec6df47c49d0940b53cf304e9967.pdf} } @article { author = {Taheri, Ramin and Espandar, Goldis and Azizzadeh, Maryam and Sokooti, Sara and Ghorbani, Raheb}, title = {The Relationship between Ocular Alterations and Alopecia Areata}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {22}, number = {4}, pages = {440-447}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background & Aims: Alopecia areata is a chronic inflammatory disorder that affects the hair follicles. The condition most commonly presents with the sudden appearance of non-scarring discrete patches of alopecia on the scalp. Due to being an autoimmune disease, alopecia areata is observed in concomitantly with other diseases. In some studies, ocular alterations were surveyed in these patients. Due to the limited number of studies in this respect and lack of any conclusive results, the present study was performed with the aim to determine ocular alterations in alopecia areata patients. Methods: This case-control study was performed on 106 patients with alopecia areata (20-40 years old) who refer to dermatology clinics in Semnan, Iran, in 2012-2013 and 106 controls. Patients and controls were examined using slit lamp, fundoscopy, and indirect ophthalmoscopy. Results: The two groups were matched in age and sex (P > 0.05). Ocular alterations were observed in 15.1% of patients with alopecia areata and 0.9% of control group subjects; this difference was significant. Thus, the chance of ocular alterations in patients with alopecia areata was 18.7 times that in the control group [odds ratio (OR) = 18.7, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.4-143.5, P = 0.005]. Increased iris crypt (8.5%) and loss of foveal reflex (4.7%) had the highest prevalence among alterations observed in alopecia areata patients. Conclusion: The findings show that significant ocular alterations in patients with alopecia areata are increased iris crypt and loss of foveal reflex. These alterations are not pathologic, but are based on genetic features and are not important in ocular disease.}, keywords = {Alopecia areata,Ocular alterations,Foveal reflex,Iris crypt}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16094.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16094_6a7fe8f5272d4e45e3697e3f0e45765b.pdf} } @article { author = {Kalantari, Mahsa and Torabi, Molook}, title = {Prognostic and Predictive Clinical, Pathological and Molecular Markers for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: review of articles}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {22}, number = {4}, pages = {448-456}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Approximately 90% of all head and neck malignancies and 94% of oral malignancies are squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Tobacco smoking is considered as the most important causative agent for SCC. Despite aggressive and multidisciplinary treatment approaches, there has been no significant improvement in 5-year survival over the past 20 years. Several prognostic and predictive clinical, pathological and molecular factors have been introduced for SCC. We herein review some of these prognostic factors.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16095.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16095_e4aa4a46fb232f06bfce7f61f6958028.pdf} }