@article { author = {Askarian, M and Hosseini, S.R and Kheirandish, P}, title = {Incidence and Microorganisms Causing Nosocomial Infections in Ghotbeddin Burn Center of Shiraz, Iran, 2000-2001}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {10}, number = {4}, pages = {65-70}, year = {2003}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Burned patients are at risk of acquiring infection because of their destroyed skin barrier, suppression of immunity, prolonged hospitalization, and invasive therapeutic and diagnostic procedures. Most of the studies on infections in burned patients are focused on burn wound infections, while nosocomial device-associated infections in this patient group are not described well. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the incidence rate of nosocomial infections in the Ghotbeddin burn center of Shiraz. The study was conducted prospectively during a period of 11 months from December 2000 to November 2001. All patients presenting with no signs and symptoms of infection within the first 48 hours of admission were included. CDC definitions for nosocomial infections were applied. One-hundred and six patients met the inclusion criteria. Ninety-one (86%) acquired at least one infection (44.7 per 1000 patient-days), including 28 urinary tract-, 30 blood stream, and 91 burn wound infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common causative agent of nosocomial infections. Considering the high incidence of nosocomial infections in our center, improved infection control practices and policies have to be implemented, and a comprehensive educational campaign for all health care workers is urgently needed.}, keywords = {Burn patients,Nosocomial infection,Incidence rate}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_32882.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_32882_8269c217af4cf86357d3bd19a27d1945.pdf} } @article { author = {Sajjadi, SE and Tavakoli,, N and Samaian,, M}, title = {Formulation of a Sedative Film Coated Tablet from Extracts of Melissa officinalis and Valeriana officinalis}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {10}, number = {4}, pages = {71-78}, year = {2003}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Anxiety is feeling of danger in a person who is threatening with something. Nowadays, anxiety is increased in different populations and, thus it is became an important problem in many countries. Melissa officinalis (Melissa) and Valeriana officinalis (Valerian) are two medicinal plants. These two plants are traditionally used as sedative herbal drugs and new studies on their pharmacological activity present the same results. Aerial parts of M. officinalis and rhizomes of V. officinalis were extracted with ethanol: water (70:30). The hydroalcoholic extracts were concentrated in vacuum evaporator and then added to an absorbent matrix. Amount of the dried used extracts per one tablet is 180 mg and 60 mg of Melissa and Valerian respectively. After granulation process, other ingredients were added to wet granules and tablets were prepared using a tabletting machine. Tablets tested physically and some modifications were done on the formulation. At last tablets were coated with a film coat by spraying method. As a criterion of active constituents transmission, the amount of trans-caryophillene was determined by GC-MS method. Results of this study indicated that after modification of formulation, tablets with desirable characteristics for film coating had been produced. Physical examinations indicated that the tablets have proper physical characteristics. GC-MS analysis also showed that in spite of long processes of extraction, granulation, and coating, active ingredients transmission was about 38% from plant to film coated tablets.}, keywords = {Sedative tablet,Melissa officinalis,Valeriana officinalis}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_32883.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_32883_9ca71feba223bd90c9750dcbf81832c5.pdf} } @article { author = {Aghaeiafshar, M and Vahedian, M and Zainalinejad, H}, title = {Comparison of Primary Wound Closure with Vacuum Drainage and Delayed Closure in Perforated Appendicitis}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {10}, number = {4}, pages = {79-84}, year = {2003}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Open wound managment after perforated appendicitis has been a common practice but recently, primary closure has been advocated to reduce costs and morbidity. For comparing delayed closures against primary closure with vacuum drainage, a randomized experimental study was designed. in Kerman. Sixty patients with perforated appendicitis divided randomly in two groups and evaluated on day of discharge and 30 days after discharge for complications and morbidity. In first group, wound wasn't closed for 3 days and then closed. In second group, wound was closed after homeostasis and irrigation and then a vacuum drain was seprately fixed in wound. In all of the patients type of injected antibiotic was the same. There wasn't any statistically significant difference between the two groups about sex and age. But there was statistically significant difference in duration of hospitalization, and vacuum drainage group had lower hopitalization (Pv= 0.002). None of the cases in both groups had any complication. Primary closure with vacuum drainage after appendectomy for gangrenous or perforated appendicitis combined with the use of antibiotic therapy in the perioperative period is not associated with an increased risk of incision infection when compared with delayed closure.Primary closure of perforated appendicitis wound with vacuum drain is recommonded because of its cost benefit and no additional complication for wound.}, keywords = {Appendicitis,Wound infection,Drainage,Wound closure,Kerman}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_32884.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_32884_3bce34d083fb33285533e0db6224524c.pdf} } @article { author = {Aghasi, M and Sharifi, I}, title = {Survey of the Fauna and Monthly Activity of the Sandfly as the Vectors of the Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the City of Bam}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {10}, number = {4}, pages = {85-91}, year = {2003}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {The objective of this study is to determine the fauna and monthly activity of the sandflies as the vectors of the cutaneous leishmaniasis disease that can be used for the determination of the method and the way of controlling this disease. Totally, 1890 sandflies were catched from the outdoor and indoor places of the chosen districts and the valleys of ancient Arg–e Bam by using the sticky paper traps. The sandfly species of them were determined, two of which were of the Phlebotomus genus (Ph.sergenti, 77.25% Ph. Papatasi 19%) and 3 species were of the Ergenatomyia genus (S. baghdadis, 1.69% S. sintoni 1.64 % and S. tiberiadis o.42%). P. Sergenti was the predominant species, and formed 85.11% and 81.83% of hunted species from the human indoor locations and animal indoor places respectively. The seasonal activity of the sandfly begins from the first middle of April and continues to about middle of December. The varieties of the trapped Phlebotomus have two peaks of activity during the year , one of which is from the beginning of July , and the other is at the beginning of September which is indicative of two generations in the year. During this study the sex ratio of the different species of the sandflies were also determined.}, keywords = {Urban cutaneous leishmaniasis,Sandflies,P. sergenti,Bam}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_32885.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_32885_85bc279bf7b7dbba3d02e2d0f0d48f05.pdf} } @article { author = {Ebadi, M and Hejazi, H}, title = {The Epidemiological Study of Cutaneous Leishmaniaisis Situation in the Students of Primary School in Isfahan Borkhar Region.}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {10}, number = {4}, pages = {92-98}, year = {2003}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Cutaneous leishmaniasis is one of the important parasitic disease of tropical, subtropical, and warm and damp areas, major endemic foci of which are present in various regions of Iran, including Isfahan province,. The first step in reducing the burden of a disease is acknowledging its epidemiology. This descriptiveanalytic study was performed on the students of primary school for diagnosis of suspected cutaneous leishmaniasis by the census method. during a 9 months period in 1378-79 school year. The physician diagnosed active lesions and then made test of the lesion edges by using. Giemsa stain and microscope for the detection of amastigotes. Epidemiological data and sampling results were recorded in a questionnaire and analyzed by spss. Results obtained from this study indicated that the prevalence and incidence of the disease in the students under study was 26% and 6.2% respectively. Statistical tests (X2 , t) indicated that the ratio of contamination to the active ulcer or the scar had significant discrepancy with the sex, age, parents literacy but not with residential areas. Most frequency was observed one lesion in 1212 cases (43.9%) and least frequency 13 in 1 case (0.3%). Lesions of cutaneous leishmaniasis were mainly seen on the exposed parts of the body such as face (35.3%), hand (29.2%) leg (27%), trunk (6.7%) and neck (1.8%). This study made distinct that the contamination by the cutaneous leishmaniusis in the students of the Borkhar had a condsiderable increase compared with the similar studies. Thus, it is required to conduct more epidemiological surveys in Borkhar in order to prevent and control the spread of the disease.}, keywords = {Epidemiology,Cutaneous leishmaniasis,Borkhar,Scar,Active ulcer}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_32886.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_32886_966b7fc261fcfb97833fae1bca96ebef.pdf} } @article { author = {Atapour, M and Zohoor, AR and Zolala, A and Arjmand, AR}, title = {Evalution of HbA2 In Minor β Thalassemia Carriers Reffered to Kerman Special Disease Center}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {10}, number = {4}, pages = {99-104}, year = {2003}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {Increased HbA2 is a characteristic finding in minor beta thalassemia. Minor β-thalassemia is a heterozygote form of β-thalassemia that carries thalassemia genes but does not cause thalassemia disease. Diagnosis of carriers is done by CBC, RBC Index, and HbA2 test. Very few cases of people with minorthalassemia have a normal HbA2. According to the results of this pilot study it seams that percentage of minor thalassemia is noticeable in Kerman province. In this survey parents of thalassemia major and intermedia were evaluated. The result showed that about two percent of them had normal HbA2 . All of the people with normal HbA2 were born in Kerman. We suggest that this type of study should be done in different cities of this province in order to take necessary steps in effective prevention of major-thalassemia.}, keywords = {HbA2,Minor thalassemia}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_32887.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_32887_49c6dce6c33afa29dfe92e06170dd046.pdf} } @article { author = {Nikmaram,, M.R and Boyett,, M.R and Fathimoghaddam,, H}, title = {Comparison of Hyperpolarization-Activiated Current “if ” on the Rate of Spontaneous Activity and Cycle Length before and after Cutting of Atrial Muscle away from Intact Sinoatrial Node of Rabbit}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {10}, number = {4}, pages = {105-111}, year = {2003}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {It has been shown that the hyperpolarization-activated current “if” that is blocked by 2 mM Cs+ plays a minor role on pacemaker activity of the center and a major role on activity of the periphery of rabbit intact sino-atrial node. On the other hand some investigations showed that if the atrial muscle, surrounding the sino-atrial node, is cut away there is a shift in leading pacemaker site from the center to the periphery and an increase in the rate of spontaneous action potentials.This can be explained by the loss of the electrotonic suppression of the node periphery by the atrial muscle or the greater role of “if” current on peripheral zone. 2mM Cs+ decreased the rate of spontaneous activity by 13±2 % before the cutting whereas after cutting it decreased the rate by 20±4%. This can be explained by the shift in leading pacemaker site from the center to the periphery after the cutting. It is possible to conclude that increase in rate of spontaneous activity after cutting is the result of the greater role of “if” current in peripheral zone.}, keywords = {Hyperpolarization-activiated current “if” sino atrial node,Cs+,Cycle Lengh,Rate of spontaneous activity}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_32888.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_32888_7705d709941a9778e9b96c867d628f77.pdf} } @article { author = {Alavi-naieny,, AM and Keyghobadi,, K and Djazayery,, A and Boroomand,, M}, title = {The Survey of the Nutritional Status of 25-36 Month Old Rural Children and Some Factors Affecting it in the Rural Areas of Kerman}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {10}, number = {4}, pages = {112-118}, year = {2003}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {A survey was carried out to assess the nutritional status of 2-3 year old rural children and some factors affecting it in the rural areas of Kerman. All of the 25-36 month old children (i.e., 1015 children) under coverage of primary health care center were included in the study. About one -third of the children’s mothers (334 mothers) were questioned. The data were collected using questionnaires and face-to-face interviews with the mothers. In addition, weight (Wt) and height (Ht) of the children were measured. The nutritional status was determined using various classifications based on weight for age (Wt/A), height for age(Ht/A), and weight for height (Wt/Ht) and the effects of various factors on nutritional status was assessed. Based on the Z-score, cut-off point under -2SD from median of the reference population (NCHS), 16.1% of the children were underweight (Wt/A), 15.6% stunted (Ht/A), and 7.2% wasted (Wt/Ht).According to percentile classification, 20% of the children were underweight(Wt/A), 19.2% stunted (Ht/A), and 8.8% wasted (Wt/Ht). A statistically significant relationship was found between Wt/A and birthweight of the child, health and maternal nutritional practices. A statistically significant relationship was also found between Ht/A and family size, birth weight child, food budget and maternal nutritional practices. Similarly, a statistically significant relationship was found between Wt/Ht and food budget. The results showed a correlation between Ht/A and family size, birth height of the child. A correlation was also found between Wt/A and number of rooms per person.}, keywords = {Nutritional Status,25-36 month old children,Rural Areas,Effective factors on children’s nutritional status,Kerman}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_32889.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_32889_cc399388e8bef6508c35b19b7af434e3.pdf} } @article { author = {Ketabchi, A.A}, title = {Intravesical and Unilateral Ureterocele with Ipsilateral Kidney Agenesia}, journal = {Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, volume = {10}, number = {4}, pages = {119-122}, year = {2003}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1023-9510}, eissn = {2008-2843}, doi = {}, abstract = {This is a report of a rare case of intravesical and unilateral ureterocele in a young man (25 years old) with ipsilateral kidney agenesia. He was referred to our urology clinic with frequent retention. Ultimate diagnosis made by US, IVP and CT Scan. This ureterocele operated via cystostomy.}, keywords = {Ureterocele,Urinary retention,Renal agenesia}, url = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_32890.html}, eprint = {https://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_32890_3f8a839e10c793291d649d700f3cc231.pdf} }