Document Type : Original Article
Authors
- Somayeh Hajipour 1
- Yaghoub farbood 2
- Seyed Esmaeil Khoshnam 1
- Gholamreza Goudarzi 3
- Mohammad Rashno 4
- Heidar Maleki 5
- Nima Bakhtiari 6
- Behjat Sarkaki 1
- Alireza Sarkaki 7
1 Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran
2 Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran & Department of Physiology, Medicine Faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran
3 Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center (APRD), Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran
4 Department of Immunology, Medicine Faculty, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran
5 Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center (APRD), Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran & Environmental Engineer, Faculty of Water Sciences Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran
6 Pain Research Center, Imam Khomeiny Hospital Research and Development Unit, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran
7 Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran & Department of Physiology, Medicine Faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran & Iran National Science Foundation (INSF), Science Deputy of Presidency, Islamic Republic of Iran
Abstract
Background: T Exposure of normal subjects to dust storm (DS) with different doses of ambient air-born dusty particulate matter (PM) causes memory and locomotion impairment, anxiety and depression-like behaviors. This study was designed to investigate the effect of sub-chronic exposure to DS with inhalation of ambient PM in a designed special chamber on cognition, anxiety, depression, locomotion behaviors, brain tissue inflammatory cytokines and antioxidant indices in healthy adult rats.
Methods: Adult male Wistar rats (250-300 g) were divided randomly into the 4 groups: Sham (clean air, contains the least dusty PM < 150 μg/m3), DS1 (200-500 μg/m3 PM), DS2 (500-2000 μg/m3 PM) and DS3 (2000- 8000 μg/m3 PM). Rats were exposed to the clean air or different sizes and concentrations of PM in DS during the first 4 consecutive days of each week in an experimental actual-ambient dust exposure chamber.
Results: Sub-chronic exposing to dust storm PM impaired avoidance memory and locomotion, increased anxiety and depression like behaviors. These disturbances were in line with increased levels of inflammatory cytokines in brain tissue and suppressing the antioxidant indexes.
Conclusion: Current findings indicated that exposure to ambient PM due to DS caused cognitive, anxiety, depression-like and locomotion behaviors impairment by increasing the neuroinflammatory responses and suppressing the antioxidant indexes in the brain.
Keywords
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