Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences

Characterization and Structural Analysis of the Human Papilloma Virus L1 Protein in Iran

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Zahra Hasanshahi
Ava Hashempour
Behzad Dehghani
Elnaz Alamdari

Shiraz HIV/AIDS Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

https://doi.org/10.34172/jkmu.2024.04
Abstract
 
 Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a small, non-enveloped DNA virus related to human cervical cancer. The genome is maintained within the basal epithelium where the primary infection is latent. During the late phase of infection, the capsid proteins (L1 and L2) are expressed to encapsidate the viral genome, generating the infectious virion particles required for HPV propagation. HPV genome encodes six proteins, namely E6 oncoprotein, E7 oncoprotein, E1 replication protein, E2 regulatory protein, L1 major capsid protein, and L2 minor capsid protein. L1 is the principal part of the current vaccines, and any changes in this region can decrease vaccine efficiency. The aim of this research was to conduct a comparative analysis among Iranian L1 protein sequences with reference sequences to determine the possible substation in this region and to find the physicochemical and structural properties of L1 by using bioinformatics tools to provide comprehensive comprehension of the HPV L1 protein.
Methods: Thirteen Iranian PV sequences of the L1 protein and reference sequences were selected and obtained from the NCBI data bank. CLC Sequence Viewer software was used to translate the alignment. PrediSi and Phobius were employed to predict the signal peptide. The secondary and tertiary structures and structure validations of all sequences were analyzed by Qmean, (PS)2-v2, Phyre2server, Discovery Studio, and I-TASSER.
Results: The findings showed that L1 is highly conserved, and only two mutations were found in this region. No signal peptide was described, and this region’s main part included a random coil. The tertiary structure was mapped using different software, and five distinct loops were found.
Conclusion: This study is the first report that investigated the changes in the L1 protein of Iranian patients and provided helpful comprehension of the L1 properties vital for cloning and producing the new generation of virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines. Furthermore, the structural analysis showed several loops that had an indispensable role in antibody binding and the prevention of HPV infections.

Highlights

Zahra Hasanshahi(google scholar)(pubmed)

Ava Hashempour(google scholar)(pubmed)

Behzad Dehghani(google scholar)(pubmed)

Elnaz Alamdari(google scholar)(pubmed)

Keywords

HPV
in silico
L1
structural analysis
physicochemical properties
Bioinformatics
Subjects
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Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences
Volume 31, Issue 1
March and April 2024
Pages 23-28

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