Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences

Can the Use of Eryngium caucasicum Hydro-Alcoholic Extract, Along with Aerobic Exercise, Affect Blood Glucose, Lipid Factors, and Betatrophin Hormone Levels in Type 2 Diabetic Patients?

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Zahra Ghasemi 1
Masoumeh Sanaei 1
Zohreh Eskandari 1
Mohammad Reza Shiri-Shahsavar 2

1 Department of Sports Nutrition, Faculty of Social Sciences, Raja University, Qazvin, Iran

2 Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran

https://doi.org/10.34172/jkmu.3763
Abstract
Background: Eryngium caucasicum (EC) is traditionally used for diabetes management. This study aimed to evaluate the combined effects of EC supplementation and aerobic exercise on blood glucose, lipid profile, and betatrophin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 45 T2DM patients (mean age: 46.55 ± 7.58 years) were allocated to three groups: (1) Combined intervention group: aerobic exercise + E. caucasicum supplementation (200 mg/day); (2) Exercise-only group: aerobic exercise alone; and (3) Control group: no intervention. The 6-week aerobic protocol included five 45-minute sessions per week at moderate intensity. A total of 200 mg of EC per day (two 100-mg capsules) was taken, one in the morning and one in the evening after meals, for six weeks. Fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, betatrophin, HDL, LDL, and total cholesterol were measured before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA.
Results: Compared with the control group, both intervention groups showed significant reductions in blood glucose and triglycerides, along with increased betatrophin levels (P < 0.05). The exercise + EC group exhibited a more pronounced glucose reduction than the exercise-only group (P < 0.05). HDL and LDL improved significantly only in the exercise + EC group (P < 0.05), while total cholesterol remained unaffected.
Conclusion: The synergistic effect of aerobic exercise and E. caucasicum supplementation may offer a therapeutic strategy for improving metabolic parameters in patients with T2DM.

Highlights

Zohreh Eskandari (Google Scholar) (PubMed)

Keywords

Type 2 diabetes
Aerobic exercise
Eryngium caucasicum
Glucose
Lipid profile
Betatrophin
Subjects
  1.  Norouzi M, Valipour Chahardah Charic S. The effect of Eryngium campestre hydroalcoholic extract on glucose and lipid indices of the blood in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats. Journal of Animal Research (Iranian Journal of Biology). 2021;34(3):204-14.
  2. Parastesh M, Aria B, Abdul Ali AH, Yusuf Vand Z. The Effects of Resistance Training and Chromium Picolinate Supplementation on Glycemic Control and Hormonal Profiles in Men with Type 2 Diabetes. Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences. 2025;32(1):1-7.
  3. Sadeghipour HR, Salesi M, Koushki M, Sajedian Fard J. Effects of Endurance Training and Methanolic Otostegia Persica Extract on Betatrophin Serum Concentrations and Histopathological Changes of Streptozotocin Diabetic Rats. Sport Physiology. 2018;10(38):197-214.
  4. Salehi S, Khosravi N, Delfan M. The Effect Of 8 Weeks Of High Intensity Interval And Endurance Training On Lipasin Gene Expression In Rats With Type 2 Diabetes. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism. 2020;19(5):281-9.
  5. Fatolahi H, Azarbayjani MA, Peeri M, Homaee HM. The effect of exercise on paraoxonase-1 activity and lipid profile in obesity and insulin resistance conditions. Iranian Journal of Diabetes & Obesity (IJDO). 2017;9.
  6. Ghorbani O, Salesi M, Koushki M, Daryanoush F. The Effect of Continuous Training on Betatrophin Levels and Lipid Profile in Obese Men. Journal of Military Medicine. 2022;22(4):72-9.
  7. Yi P, Park J-S, Melton DA. Retracted: betatrophin: a hormone that controls pancreatic β cell proliferation. Cell. 2013;153(4):747-58.
  8. Ahnfelt-Rønne J, Madsen OD. Betatrophin. Islets. 2014;6(2):e28686.
  9. Chen J, Chen S, Huang P, Meng X-L, Clayton S, Shen J-S, et al. In vivo targeted delivery of ANGPTL8 gene for beta cell regeneration in rats. Diabetologia. 2015;58:1036-44.
  10. Zhu JZ, Yu CH, Li YM. Betatrophin provides a new insight into diabetes treatment and lipid metabolism. Biomedical reports. 2014;2(4):447-51.
  11. Chamgordani ZH, Mazaheri M, Iraj B, Baghshahi H, Sabouhi F. Antidiabetic effects of Eryngium billardieri hydrosol in the treatment of type 2 diabetic patients: A double-blind randomized clinical trial. Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine. 2023;13(1):34.
  12. Afshari M, Mohammadshahi M, Malayeri AR, Zaheri L. Antidiabetic, hepato-protective and hypolipidemic effects of Eryngium caucasicum extract in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetes in male rats. Iraq Medical Journal. 2019;3(1).
  13. Rajabalipour S, Ahangarpour A, Zakerkish M, Bineshfar F. Effects of Coadministration of Eryngium billardieri and Boswellia serrata Extracts on Insulin-Related Biomarkers, Lipid Profile, and Hepatic Enzymes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences. 2024;31(6).
  14. Shirazi M, Monajemi R, Shahanipoor K. Comparison of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Eryngium billardieri fruit with metformin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes in male Wistar rats. New Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Journal. 2020;10(40):51-64.
  15. Rabiee G, Abedi B, Fatolahi H. The Effect of “Eryngium billardieri” Supplementation on Acute Glycemic Response, Ketoacidosis and Lipid Profile in Diabetic Men after one bout Incremental Exercise. Research on Biosciences and Physical Actiuity. 2017;4(6):53-61.
  16. Miladi Ghomi H, Abedi B, Ramezani S. The effect of a period of circular resistance training on serum perptin levels and insulin resistance in men with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Sport Biosciences. 2021;13(3):383-97.
  17. Ghalavand A, Delaramnasab M, Afshounpour M, Zare A. Effects of continuous aerobic exercise and circuit resistance training on fasting blood glucose control and plasma lipid profile in male patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Journal of Diabetes Nursing. 2016;4(1):8-19.
  18. Abu-Farha M, Sriraman D, Cherian P, AlKhairi I, Elkum N, Behbehani K, et al. Circulating ANGPTL8/betatrophin is increased in obesity and reduced after exercise training. PloS one. 2016;11(1):e0147367.
  19. Saremi A, Bayat M, Sadegh M, Amiri J. The Impact of a Resistance Training Period on Lipasin Plasma Level and Lipid and Metabolic Profile in Obese Rats. Journal of Inflammatory Diseases. 2019;23(3):202-13.
  20. Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang A-G, Buchner A. G* Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior research methods. 2007;39(2):175-91.
  21. Sigal RJ, Armstrong MJ, Colby P, Kenny GP, Plotnikoff RC, Reichert SM, et al. Physical activity and diabetes. Canadian journal of diabetes. 2013;37:S40-S4.
  22. Asuako B, Moses MO, Eghan BA, Sarpong PA. Fasting plasma glucose and lipid profiles of diabetic patients improve with aerobic exercise training. Ghana medical journal. 2017;51(3):120-7.
  23. Seyedizadeh SH, Cheragh-Birjandi S, Hamedi Nia MR. The effects of combined exercise training (resistance‐aerobic) on serum kinesin and physical function in type 2 diabetes patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (randomized controlled trials). Journal of diabetes research. 2020(1):6978128.
  24. Nezamdoust Z, Saghebjoo M, Barzgar A. Effect of twelve weeks of aerobic training on serum levels of vaspin, fasting blood sugar, and insulin resistance index in women patients with type 2 diabetes. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism. 2015;14(2):99-104.
  25. Ghadery B, Ghazalian F, Hosseini SA, Natanzy HA, Shamsoddini A. Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training with Eryngium Campestre on Lipid Profile and Glycemic Indices in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats. Hormozgan Medical Journal. 2020;24(2):e98982-e.
  26. Khani S, Abdollahi M, Asadi Z, Nazeri M, Nasiri MA, Yusefi H, et al. Hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, and hypolipidemic effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Eryngium billardieri root on nicotinamide/streptozotocin-induced type II diabetic rats. Research in pharmaceutical sciences. 2021;16(2):193.
  27. Gonzalez-Burgos E, Gomez-Serranillos M. Terpene compounds in nature: a review of their potential antioxidant activity. Current medicinal chemistry. 2012;19(31):5319-41.
  28. Zarei A, Ashtiyani SC, Hamidizadeh S, Rezaei A, Ramezani M, Aalizadeh A. The study of the effects hydro-alcoholic extract of Eryngium billardieri on lipid profiles levels and liver and renal functions tests in hypercholesterolemic rats. J Chem Pharm Res. 2015;7(2):200-6.
  29. Nie J-P, Qu Z-N, Chen Y, Chen J-H, Jiang Y, Jin M-N, et al. Discovery and anti-diabetic effects of novel isoxazole based flavonoid derivatives. Fitoterapia. 2020;142:104499.
  30. Sysak A, Obmińska-Mrukowicz B. Isoxazole ring as a useful scaffold in a search for new therapeutic agents. European journal of medicinal chemistry. 2017;137:292-309.
  31. Vaez H, Hosseini K, Tarhriz V, Latifi S, Garjani A, Asgharian P. Anti-diabetic Effects of Two Species of Eryngium on Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Mice. Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products. 2022(In Press).
  32. Magalhães JP, Santos DA, Correia IR, Hetherington-Rauth M, Ribeiro R, Raposo JF, et al. Impact of combined training with different exercise intensities on inflammatory and lipid markers in type 2 diabetes: a secondary analysis from a 1-year randomized controlled trial. Cardiovascular Diabetology. 2020;19(1):169.
  33. Nasiri S, Banitalebi E, Rabiei V. Study of blood sugar and lipid profile changes after eight weeks of combined training in women with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Jiroft University of Medical Sciences. 2017;4(1):114-24.
  34. Banda M, Nyirenda J, Muzandu K, Sijumbila G, Mudenda S. Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of aqueous extracts of Lannea edulis in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Frontiers in pharmacology. 2018;9:1099.
  35. Eguchi K, Fujiwara Y, Hayashida A, Horlad H, Kato H, Rotinsulu H, et al. Manzamine A, a marine-derived alkaloid, inhibits accumulation of cholesterol ester in macrophages and suppresses hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis in vivo. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry. 2013;21(13):3831-8.
  36. Kumar R, Patel DK, Prasad SK, Laloo D, Krishnamurthy S, Hemalatha S. Type 2 antidiabetic activity of bergenin from the roots of Caesalpinia digyna Rottler. Fitoterapia. 2012;83(2):395-401.
  37. Lu P, Chen X, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Yang Y, Liu Z, et al. Insulin upregulates betatrophin expression via PI3K/Akt pathway. Scientific Reports. 2017;7(1):5594.
  38. Chang J-K, Lyu R-M, Chen X-Q, Tian Q, Sabirov A, Dun S, et al., editors. Detection of C-terminal betatrophin peptides in human plasma and rodent liver. The 4th Asia-Pacific International Peptide Symposium Peptide Science; 2013.
Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences
Volume 32
Pages 1-10

Home

Editorial Board

Guide for Authors

Submit Manuscript

Guide for Reviewers

Contact Us