Document Type : Case Report
Authors
1 Department of Pharmacy, Sardar Patel College of Pharmacy, Sardar Patel Education Campus, Anand, Gujarat, India.
2 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Parul Institute of Pharmacy & Research, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
3 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Parul Institute of Pharmacy, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
Abstract
Introduction: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a rare but potentially life-threatening cerebrovascular disorder caused by thrombosis in the dural venous sinuses. It is associated with diverse risk factors including hypercoagulable states, dehydration, alcohol use, and metabolic abnormalities.
Case Report: We report the case of a 29-year-old male with a history of chronic alcohol consumption who presented with persistent left-sided headache and visual disturbances. Clinical evaluation revealed papilledema, while laboratory findings showed elevated hemoglobin, low serum erythropoietin, and hyperhomocysteinemia. MRI confirmed right transverse and sigmoid sinus thrombosis extending into the jugular bulb. Polycythemia vera was ruled out by a negative JAK2 V617F mutation test. The patient was diagnosed with relative polycythemia due to alcohol-induced dehydration, compounded by hyperhomocysteinemia secondary to nutritional deficiencies. Management included anticoagulation with rivaroxaban, phlebotomy, vitamin supplementation, and hydration therapy, leading to symptom improvement.
Conclusion: This case highlights the multifactorial etiology of CVST, emphasizing the synergistic role of alcohol-related dehydration and hyperhomocysteinemia in precipitating thrombosis. Comprehensive evaluation of lifestyle and metabolic factors is essential for accurate diagnosis and tailored management.
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